褶牡蛎对重金属的生物富集动力学特性研究  

The Kinetic Characteristics of Bioconcentration of Heavy Metals in Crassostrea plicatula

作　　者：沈盎绿[1] 马继臻[1,2] 平仙隐[1] 沈新强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所、农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第4期783-788,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J021)

摘　　要：应用实验生态方法研究了褶牡蛎对8种常见的重金属生物富集动力学特性,得出了褶牡蛎对重金属的生物富集系数、生物半衰期以及生物富集曲线。结果表明,到积累实验结束时褶牡蛎对Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni和Hg的生物富集系数分别是15.60、26.53、60.06、7.61、5.82和47.88,褶牡蛎对Cu和As的富集规律不明显,生物富集曲线分别为yPb=0.4046e0.1168xR2=0.7378,yZn=0.0408x2+0.2909x+59.969R2=0.9307,yCd=2.5263e0.0867xR2=0.7089,yCr=0.6832e0.0942xR2=0.8544,yNi=0.4178e0.0714xR2=0.6856和yHg=0.0015x2+0.0444x+0.0644R2=0.8301,以积累实验结束时的生物富集系数为基准,褶牡蛎对这几种重金属的富集能力为Cd>Hg>Zn>Pb>Cr>Ni;到释放实验结束时褶牡蛎对Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和Hg的生物半衰期分别是23.1、13031.7、67.7、32.9和36.1d,褶牡蛎是Zn、Cd和Hg的强的净积累者,以释放实验结束时的生物半衰期为基准,褶牡蛎对这几种重金属的排毒释放顺序为Pb>Cr>Hg>Cd>Zn。Accumulation and elimination of eight heavy metals （Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr ,Ni, As and Hg ）in Crassostrea plicatula were investigated by using the controlled ecosystem experiment method, A semi-static system was maintained throughout a 15 day exposure period in different concentrations of heavy metals at（20±1 ）℃. During the uptake phase, water was changed on 5 days, and the test organism was fed with the blending of Chlorella vulgaris and Platymonas spp. each days. Four animals were sampled periodically and frozen immediately for the late analysis. Then, remaining Crassostrea plicatula were transfered to clean seawater for the elimination phase of 35 days, also, four animals were sampled and subjected to the same procedures described above. The BCF, biological half-life and bioeonentration curve of heavy metal in Crassostreaplicatula were gained. The results indicated that the BCF ofPb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Hg in Crassostreaplicatula were 15.60, 26.53, 60.06, 7.61, 5.82 and 47.88, respectively; The bioconentration curve of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Hg in Crassostreaplicatula were yPI7=0.4046e^0.1168xR^2=0.7378,yZn=0.0408x^2＋0.2909x＋59.969 R^2=0.9307,yGl=2.5263e^0.0867x R^2=0.7089,YCr=0.6832e^0.0942x R^2=0.8544,yNi=0.4178e^0.0714x R^2=0.6856 and yHg=0.0015x^2＋0.0444x＋0：0644 R^2=0.8301, respectively, the ability of accumulation of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Hg in Crassostrea plicatula were Cd〉Hg〉Zn〉Pb〉Cr〉Ni. The biological half-life of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr and Hg in Crassostreaplicatula were 23.1 d, 13 031.7 d, 67.7 d, 32.9 d and 36.1 d, respectively, Crassostrea plicatula was strong net accumulator of Zn, Cd and Hg, the ability of elimination of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr and Hg in Crassostreaplicatula were Pb〉Cr〉Hg〉Cd〉Zn.

关 键 词：褶牡蛎 重金属 生物富集系数 生物半衰期 生物富集曲线 

分 类 号：X503.225[环境科学与工程—环境工程]