北京官厅水库有机氯农药分布特征及健康风险评价  

Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Beijing Guanting Reservoir

作　　者：万译文[1] 康天放[1] 周忠亮[1] 张雁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第4期803-807,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No20247002);北京市自然科学基金(No8062010);北京市教育委员会科技发展基金(NoKm200310005008)

摘　　要：为了研究北京官厅水库中有机氯农药(OCPs)对人体产生的潜在健康危害风险,从位于官厅水库、洋河和妫水河的9个采样点采集了水样和沉积物样品,采用气相色谱法对其中的有机氯农药残留状况进行了测定。结果表明,水样中,17种有机氯化合物的总浓度范围为10.06～87.37ng·L-1,其中六六六(HCHs,即:α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH和δ-HCH)和滴滴涕(DDTs,即:o,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDE和p,p′-DDD)的含量范围分别为3.93～38.94ng·L-1和3.71～16.03ng·L-1,官厅水库及其支流水体受到有机氯农药轻度污染,其周边地区农田排放水是水库中农药的重要来源。沉积物中有机氯农药总含量范围为8.48～24.40ng·g-1,其中HCHs和DDTs的含量高于其他OCPs的含量,其含量范围分别为1.11～7.73ng·g-1和2.97～10.52ng·g-1,沉积物中六六六异构体和滴滴涕类似物的含量组成表明这些农药来自环境中的早期残留。利用健康风险评价模型对官厅水库表层水体中的OCPs所致健康风险的评价结果表明,目前官厅水库中有机氯农药类污染物对人体健康的风险处于较低水平。In order to investigate the risk of healthy hazards to human beings caused by organochlorine pesticides（ OCPs ）in the water of Guanting Reservoir, water samples and sediment samples were obtained from 9 sampling sites which are located in Guanting Reservoir, Yang River and Guishui River. The concentrations of OCPs in the surface water and in the sediment samples were determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that the total concentrations of the 17 kinds of organochlorinated compounds in the water samples were in the range of 10.06-87.37 ng·L^-1, the concentrations of HCHs（ i.e. the total congcentrations of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH ）and the concentrations of DDTs （i.e. the total congcentrations of o,p＇-DDT, p,p＇-DDT, p,p＇-DDE and p,p＇-DDD）in the water samples were in the range of 3.93-38.94 ng·L^-1 and 3.71-16.03 ng·L^-1, respectively. The OCPs in the water samples were mainly originated from the surrounding agricultural drain. In sediment samples, the total concentrations of OCPs were in the range of 8.48-24.40 ng·g^-1. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were higher than those of other OCPs and varied over the range of 1.11-7.73ng·g^-1 and 2.97- 10.52 ng·g^-1, respectively. The compositions of the isomers of HCHs and the analogues of DDTs in the sediment samples indicated that the pesticides came from the early residues in the environment. Based on the model of water environmental health risk assessment, the results of health risk assessment indicated that the health risk caused by the OCPs was low in the drinking water sources of Guanting Reservoir.

关 键 词：有机氯农药 气相色谱法 健康风险评价 官厅水库 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]