苹果褐斑病的治疗药剂及有效施药时期研究  

Fungicides Controlling Diplocarpon mali on Apple Tree and Their Suitable Applying Time

作　　者：董向丽[1] 罗丽[1] 王彩霞[1] 董霞霞[1] 张俊丽[2] 李保华[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院,山东青岛266109 [2]潍坊职业学院园林工程系,山东潍坊261041

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第6期190-194,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部"现代苹果产业技术体系"(nycytx-08)

摘　　要：通过先接种后施药的方法,在海棠苗和富士苹果幼树上测试了11种杀菌剂对苹果褐斑病的治疗效果。结果表明:爱可、敌力脱、福星和使百克2号4种杀菌剂对苹果褐斑病具有显著的治疗效果;世高、宝丽安、全福和高扑对苹果褐斑病有一定治疗效果,但不显著;凯润、百泰和多菌灵对苹果褐斑病无任何治疗效果。有效施药时期的试验结果表明:爱可、敌力脱、福星和使百克2号4种杀菌剂在病斑显症前使用,能有效抑制病斑产生,且用药时间越早治疗效果越好。4种药剂在病菌侵染后第3天施用,平均防效达96%,第5天施用,平均防效达77%;4种药剂在病斑显症初期施用,能有效抑制病斑扩展和产孢;在病斑产孢初期施用,能有效抑制病斑产孢。据此结果,田间治疗苹果褐斑病的有效施药时期为病原菌侵染后的1周之内。The control effect of 11 fungicides against Diplocarpon mall were tested on Malus robusta Rehd seedlings and Fuji apple trees by applying the fungicides after inoculating the pathogen to the hosts. Four fungicides, the mixture of tebuconazole and SYP-1620, flusilazole, propiconazole and prochloraz showed significant control effect against Diplocarpon mali. Other 4, difenoconazole, polyoxin, thiophanatemethyl and SYP-1620 also showed control effect, but the efficiency was not effectively. Whereas, the other 3, pyraclostrobin, the mixture of pyraclostrobin and metiram and carbendazim did not show any control effect. The effective applying time of the 4 fungicides, the mixture of tebuconazole and SYP-1620, flusilazole, propiconazole and prochloraz, to control the disease were also examined. Results indicated that the 4 fungicides would inhibit the appearance of lesions when applied before the disease show symptoms. The earlier the 4 fungicides were applied, the more effective the control efficiency. The mean control effect of 4 fungicides was 96% when applied at the third day after inoculation. However, the control effect dropped to 77% when applied at the fifth day after inoculation. When applied on the early stage of the disease show symptom, the 4 fungicides could inhibit expansion and sporulation of the lesions. Whiles, when applied before sporulation, they could inhibit the sporulation of the lesions. The results indicated that the effective applying time for the system fungicides to control Diplocarpon mali was within 1 week after infection of the pathogen on apple orchards.

关 键 词：苹果褐斑病 杀菌剂 防治效果 施药时期 苹果双壳菌 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]