新中国成立前夕临清事件之历史真实与认识导向  

Historical Truth and Interpretive Guidance in the Linqing Incident on the Eve of the Establishment of New China

作　　者：刘一皋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史系副教授,北京100871

出　　处：《近代史研究》2009年第2期118-133,共16页Modern Chinese History Studies

摘　　要：临清事件是1948年10月华北解放区因公营商店抢购棉花导致的一次涨价风潮,充分暴露出从抗日战争时期的分散经营到解放战争时期支持大规模战争需求的转变中,在市场管理体制、货币金融政策、部门利益分配和组织纪律的权威性等方面的种种不适。事件发生之后,经过内部报告、公开报道和相关部门检查会等一系列总结、揭露、检讨和弄清情况的复杂过程,最终由新华社社论定性。被定性的临清事件,认识导向在某种程度上替代了历史真实,强调在新国家中国营商业的领导地位和行政干预的必要性,以及资本主义经济成分,特别是私人商业资本的危险性,成为九月会议前后中共中央认识发展的公开表述,并为中共七届二中全会做好了思想准备。The Linqing Incident was an uproar over a spike in prices in October 1948 caused by panic buying of cotton by government owned stores in liberated areas of North China.This incident fully exposed imbalances in many areas of the transition from the Resistance War against Japan's distributed model of management to support the demands of massive warfare during the War of Liberation,including the market management system,monetary and financial policies,the distribution of profits among various departments and the effectiveness of organizational discipline.After the incident,it was subject to a complex and systematic process of disclosure,self-criticism,truth discovery and summation,including internal reports,public reports in the media,and inspection conferences in all related departments.Finally,the nature of the incident was determined by an editorial by the Xinhua News Agency.After the nature of the Linqing incident was determined,interpretive guidance replaced historical truth to a certain extent,emphasizing the leadership of state-operated commerce and the necessity of administrative intervention in the new state,and the dangerous nature of capitalist economic factors,particularly private commercial capital.This interpretation became the public stance of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party before and after the September Conference and laid the ideological foundations for the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Chinese Communist Party Central Committee.

关 键 词：临清事件 新民主主义经济 国营商业 私人商业资本 

分 类 号：K266[历史地理—历史学]