杂草抗药性研究进展  

Current Advances in Research on Herbicide Resistance

作　　者：张朝贤[1] 倪汉文[2] 魏守辉[1] 黄红娟[1] 刘延[1] 崔海兰[1] 隋标峰[1] 张猛[1] 郭峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2009年第4期1274-1289,共16页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BA509B07)

摘　　要：目前全球已有188种杂草(112种双子叶,76种单子叶)的324个生物型对19类化学除草剂产生了抗药性,几乎涵盖各类重要的除草剂。抗药性杂草已成为杂草治理和农业生产的严重威胁,由其引发的严重经济和安全问题倍受全球关注。研究证实,杂草体内除草剂作用位点发生改变、杂草代谢解毒能力增强、杂草的屏蔽作用或与作用位点的隔离作用是杂草对除草剂产生抗性的三大主要机制。杂草的抗药性机制相当复杂,同种杂草不仅对不同除草剂的抗药性机制不同,而且能以完全不同的抗药性机制对多种作用机制不同的除草剂产生抗药性,即交互抗性和多抗性。本文重点描述杂草对8大类重要除草剂的抗药性机制,杂草抗药性研究方法,以期为中国抗药性杂草研究和农田杂草科学治理提供参考和借鉴,并提出在杂草治理中必须汲取他人的经验教训,阐明了中国杂草抗药性研究应关注问题。With repeated and wide use of herbicides in agricultural systems, 324 herbicide resistant biotypes of 188 species （112 dicots and 76 monocots） have evolved worldwide. The development of herbicide resistance in weeds, rapid increase and widespread of herbicide resistant weeds have become an increasing threat to weed management and crop production in the world, the consequences leading to economic loss and food safety have become a global concern. In the last decades, a significant progress has been made in the areas of herbicide resistance, many of the findings have proven that at least three very different mechanisms endowed herbicide resistance, an altered target site, enhanced detoxification and sequestration in weeds,weeds can also evolve cross resistance and multiple resistance to herbicides with different modes of action. This review described the currant status of world wide herbicide resistant weeds, resistance mechanisms in 8 major herbicide classes, research methodologies to provide useful information and references for researches in herbicide resistance, and posed the lessons learnt from other countries, clarified and stated the future directions we should forward to.

关 键 词：杂草 抗药性 抗药性机制 研究技术 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]