镉超富集苋菜品种(Amaranthus mangostanus L.)的筛选  

Screening of Amaranth Cultivars(Amaranthus mangostanus L.) for Cadmium Hyperaccumulation

作　　者：范洪黎[1] 周卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2009年第4期1316-1324,共9页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB410809)

摘　　要：【目的】苋菜在中国的分布很广,品种资源丰富。通过筛选耐镉苋菜品种,发掘镉污染土壤植物修复资源。【方法】采用溶液培养方法,从来自不同生态区域的23个苋菜品种(Amaranthus mangostanus L.)中筛选出具有镉超富集能力的品种;采用赤红壤、黄棕壤、菜园土进行盆栽试验,研究苋菜在土壤Cd浓度分别为5、10、25mg·kg-1时,对镉污染土壤的修复潜力。【结果】在溶液Cd浓度3mg·L-1条件下培养,苋菜品种天星米地上部镉含量高达260mg·kg-1。在土壤Cd浓度25mg·kg-1条件下,苋菜天星米地上部镉浓度高达212mg·kg-1,富集系数达到8.5,地上部净化率达3.8%,各镉处理水平总生物量以及地上部生物量均未显著降低。【结论】苋菜天星米基本具备了镉超富集植物的特征,可用于镉污染土壤的生物修复。【Objective】 Amaranth （Amaranthus mangostanus L.） is widely distributed in China and China has abundant varieties, it can be served as a candidate of cadmium hyperaccumulators for phytoremediation by screening of amaranth cultivars which is tolerant to cadmium. 【Method】 To obtain cadmium hyper-accumulator, Cd uptake in 23 amaranth cultivars from different ecological regions was investigated under hydroponic culture condition. Meanwhile, a pot experiment was established to probe phytoremediation potentiality of Cd contaminated soil by amaranth. Three treatments （Cd 5, 10 and 25 mg·kg^-1） were conducted using to red soil, yellow brown soil and vegetable soil. 【Result】 The results showed that under hydroponic culture with Cd 3 mg·L^-1, the cadmium concentration in the shoots of the cultivar Tianxingmi reached 260 mg·kg^-1, and its total cadmium uptake was the highest among various cultivars. In the treatment of Cd 25 mg·kg^-1, the cadmium concentration in the shoots of the cultivar Tianxingmi reached 212 mg·kg^-1, while the bioaccumulation factor and shoot purification rate reached 8.50 and 3.8%, respectively. Further, the total biomass and shoot biomass were not decreased significantly in all Cd treatments. 【Conclusion】 These results suggested that cultivar Tianxingmi is a typical Cd hyperaccumulator, and can be used in phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil.

关 键 词：苋菜 镉 超富集 生物修复 

分 类 号：S636.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]