光氮互作对番茄果实糖积累及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响  

Interactive Effects of Light Intensity and Nitrogen Supply on Sugar Accumulation and Activities of Enzymes Related to Sucrose Metabolism in Tomato Fruits

作　　者：袁野[1] 吴凤芝[1] 周新刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2009年第4期1331-1338,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省重点攻关项目(GB06B111-8)

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同光照条件下番茄果实高糖积累的氮素适宜施用水平。【方法】以番茄品种东农708为试材,采用4个光照度和4个氮素施用水平的复因子试验,研究光照度与氮素互作对番茄果实糖积累及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响。【结果】在果实发育早期,光、氮及其互作对番茄果实淀粉含量影响极显著,对蔗糖含量影响不显著。在同一光照水平下增施氮肥及在同一施氮水平下的70%自然光处理可提高果实蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性,从而促进果实的蔗糖代谢。在果实发育过程中,光、氮及其互作对番茄果实果糖含量均有极显著影响,发育后期,70%和100%自然光以8kg/667m2施氮量、小于70%自然光以0kg/667m2施氮量的果实酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)活性最高,在同一施氮水平下,70%自然光的AI、NI活性最高,使前期积累的淀粉和输入的蔗糖逐步分解为葡萄糖和果糖,从而提高番茄果实品质。【结论】光、氮及其互作对番茄果实糖积累影响显著,充足光照下适当施氮(本试验8kg/667m2)可提高番茄果实果糖含量,弱光下增施氮素可降低番茄果实糖含量,在同一施氮水平下减弱光照可降低番茄果实糖含量。番茄果实糖含量的升高或降低与SS、AI和NI密切相关。【Objective】 This experiment was carried out to elucidate the sugar accumulation in tomato fruit under different conditions of light and nitrogen, and make sure of the reasonable nitrogen supply in different light intensities. 【Method】 With Dongnong 708 as experimental material, the changes of sugar accumulation and activities of enzymes related to sucrose metabolism in the development of tomato fruits under four light and four nitrogen supply conditions were studied. 【Result】 At early fruit development stage, light, nitrogen and their interactions had a significant influence on tomato fruit starch accumulation, but had no significant influence on sucrose content. 70% natural light intensity treatment increased fruit SS activity, promoted accumulation of fruit starch at early fruit development stage when the nitrogen level at 8 kg/667 m^2. Nitrogen had the same effects at the same light level. Light, nitrogen and their interactions had a significant influence on tomato fruit fructose accumulation at fruit development stage. At later fruit development stage, fruit AI and NI activities were the highest in 8 kg/667 m^2 nitrogen treatment under 70% and 100% natural light intensity, and in 0 nitrogen treatment under less than 70% natural light intensity. And they were the highest in 70% natural light intensity in the same nitrogen. Increased fruit AI and NI activity decomposed starch and sucrose, which accumulated at early development stage, into glucose and fructose, and finally improved fruit quality. 【Conclusion】 Light, nitrogen and their interactions have a significant influence on tomato fruit fructose contents. With sufficient light, proper application of nitrogen （8 kg/667 m^2 in this experiment ） could improve tomato fructose content. In shading treatment, nitrogen application could decreasetomato fructose content. SS, AI and NI were closely related to sugar accumulation in tomato fruit.

关 键 词：光照强度 氮 番茄 糖积累 蔗糖代谢相关酶 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]