控释掺混肥对大蒜鳞茎产量、品质和氮素利用率的影响  

Effects of Controlled-releasing Bulk Blending Fertilizer Application on Garlic Yield,Quality and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency

作　　者：齐建建[1] 刘世琦[1] 张自坤[1] 尉辉[2] 段吉锋[1] 陈昆[1] 张民[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,泰安271018 [2]山东农业管理干部学院,济南250100 [3]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2009年第8期42-47,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD10B07)

摘　　要：以苍山蒜和金乡蒜为试材,通过大田试验研究了控释掺混肥一次性基施对大蒜鳞茎产量、品质和氮素利用率的影响。结果表明:与普通肥相比,等量和80%用量控释掺混肥能使苍山蒜和金乡蒜鳞茎产量分别提高5.0%～12.5%、15.0%～15.8%,可溶性糖含量分别增加3.5%～27.6%、15.1%～30.0%,SOD比活力分别提高48.1%～93.2%、61.0%～68.4%,干物质含量分别提高12.5%～20.5%、31.8%～37.3%,氮素利用率分别提高86.4%～87.0%、146.0%～171.5%,差异均达显著或极显著水平,增产节肥效果明显;但控释掺混肥用量降至60%时不利于上述指标的提高。施用控释掺混肥可以提高大蒜磷茎VC含量,但效果不明显。大蒜素含量随鳞茎产量增加有下降的趋势,为了不降低大蒜鳞茎的品质,施用控释掺混肥时应配施一定量的硫。A field-trail experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of single basal application of controlled-releasing bulk blending fertilizer （CRF） on yield, quality and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two garlic eultivars‘Cangshansuan＇ and ‘Jinxiangsuan＇. Results showed that compared to CCF, 100 % and 80 % CRF treatments could increase bulb yield, bulb soluble sugar content and SOD activity significantly by 5.0 % -12.5 % and 15.0 % -15.8 %, 3.5 % -27.6 % and 15.1% -30.0 %, 48.1% -93.2 % and 61.0 % -68.4 % for each cultivar, respectively. What was more, 12.5 % - 20.5 % and 31.8 % -37.3 %, 86.4 % -87.0 % and 146.0 % -171.5 % higher plant dry matter yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency were also observed in these two specific treatments. However, 60 % CRF application showed no promoting effect on the factors mentioned above. Difference of VC content between CRF and CCF treatments was no significant. Allicin content exhibited a negatively correlation with bulb yield. In order to ensure garlic flavor and quality, an extra S input should be applied together with CRF.

关 键 词：控释掺混肥 大蒜 鳞茎 产量 品质 氮素利用率 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]