广州市城市化过程的景观动态格局及尺度效应  

Analysis on the landscape dynamic pattern and spatial scale effect in quickly urbanizing process： a case study of Guangzhou

作　　者：王健[1] 田光进[1] 全泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《生态科学》2009年第1期78-84,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（30470335,30770402）,广东省自然科学基金资助项目（E039254,06025813）

摘　　要：城市化过程直接改变了城市区域的景观结构，引起了景观格局的变化。该文以四期Landsat TM遥感影像为数据源，运用景观格局指数分析了1990-2005年广州市景观格局的动态变化特征，并利用空隙度指数对广州市景观格局的尺度效应进行了研究。研究结果表明：广州市在快速城市化的进程中，城市景观结构的变化主要表现为耕地、林地、草地等自然或半自然景观向城镇、农村居民点用地等人文景观转变；耕地大面积被城镇用地和工矿建设用地侵占，斑块数量增多，空隙度指数增大；城镇用地的空隙度指数一直呈现出下降的趋势，表明城镇用地景观中较小的斑块被合并，空间分布趋向集中。因此，综合运用景观格局指数和空间尺度分析，可以获得对城市景观动态过程较为全面的认识。Urbanization has changed the structure of urban landscape and resulted in the changes of landscape pattern. This paper studied the dynamic change of landscape pattern of Guangzhou city since 1990 by using GIS and major landscape indexes with Landsat TM imageries in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005. The lacunarity index was used to analyze the scale effect of landscape pattern. The results showed that landscape structure of Guangzhou changed dramatically in the course of rapid urbanization. The natural and semi-natural landscape such as cultivated land, forest land and grassland became human landscape. Large number of cropland was occupied by urban land and land for industry and mining, which resulted in the increase of patches and lacunatiy index. The lacunatiy index of urban land appeared to decrease, which showed that smaller patches were replaced by larger patches. The patches of urban land had been congregating. The combination of landscape indexes and spatial scale method was helpful to obtain better understanding about changes of urban landscape pattern.

关 键 词：景观异质性 城市化 尺度效应 广州市 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]