切花非洲菊多倍体诱变初报  

Preliminary Studies on Polyploidy Mutation of Cut Flower Gerbera jamesonii Bolus

作　　者：李涵[1,2,3] 鄢波[1] 张婷[1,3] 蒋亚莲[1,3] 张颢[1,3] 于丽霞[4] 李绅崇[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,昆明650205 [2]云南大学生命科学院,昆明650050 [3]云南省花卉技术工程中心,昆明650205 [4]西南林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《园艺学报》2009年第4期605-610,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：云南省科技攻关项目(2006NG14)

摘　　要：以非洲菊‘阳光海岸’和‘白马王子’(2n=2x=50)品种为供试材料,采用秋水仙素对其组培丛生芽进行离体诱导,成功获得了四倍体植株。秋水仙素处理浓度和处理时间分别为0·02%、0·05%、0·10%和24、36、48h。试验结果表明,以0·10%的秋水仙素处理48h诱导效果最佳,‘阳光海岸’和‘白马王子’的丛生芽变异率分别为16%和10%。总体上看,非洲菊对秋水仙素的敏感性较低。经气孔鉴定、染色体计数和形态学观察,变异材料染色体数加倍(2n=4x=100)。与二倍体相比,变异材料气孔面积增大,花序变大,叶色变深,叶尖变钝圆,叶片质感变厚,花梗直径变粗,花梗基部花青素着色变深。最终分别获得稳定的‘阳光海岸’和‘白马王子’多倍体植株200余株和300余株。Tetraploids were successfully induced from in vitro plantlets of diploid Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ＇Cabana＇ and ＇Dalma＇ （2n =2x =50） by dipping shoot tips with colchicine. Colchicine at a concentration of 0.02%, 0. 05% , 0. 10% were tested for 24, 36 and 48 h. The results indicated that the most efficient condition for inducing tetraploids was treated with 0. 10% colchicine for 48 h. The highest mutation rate of ＇ Cabana＇ and ＇ Dalma＇ was 16% and 10% , respectively. As a whole, gerbrea shoots seemed be not sensi- bility to colchicines. Mutation buds were screened by morphological appraisal, stomatal and cytological identi- fication. The chromosome number of part mutants have doubled to 100 （2n = 4x = 100）. As compared with diploid, tetraploid of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus was characterized by larger stoma area, larger flower head, thicker leaves color, leaves tend to round, thicker leaves, larger stem diameter and anthocyanin coloration of peduncle bases were obviously strong. Finally, over 200 and 300 stable tetraploids of ‘ Cabana＇ and ‘ Dalma＇ were respectively abtained.

关 键 词：非洲菊 多倍体 倍性鉴定 诱变 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]