慢性非传染性疾病患者药物中毒的临床特点及对策  

Clinical features of drug poisoning in patients with chronic non-infectious diseases and relevant countermeasures： analysis of 84 cases

作　　者：黄劼[1] 曹伟中[1] 黄冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院医学院附属第一医院急诊科,浙江314000

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2009年第4期227-228,233,共3页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨慢性非传染性疾病（慢病）药物中毒的临床特点。方法回顾分析84例药物中毒住院病例的临床特点及对策。其中有慢病者46例（慢病组），男20例，女26例，年龄59．89（20～96）岁，无慢病38例（无慢病组），男12例，女26例，年龄43．16（15—82）岁。结果2组引起中毒的药物均以镇静催眠药为主。慢病组镇静催眠药中毒占78．26％，显著低于无慢病组（92．11％，P〈0．05）。心血管类药物引起中毒者在慢病组中占13．04％，无慢病组为0。慢病组中服药自杀中毒者占63．04％，显著低于无慢病组（73．68％P〈0．05），药物意外过量中毒者在慢病组占19．57％，显著高于无慢病组（5．26％，P〈0．05）。慢病组并发症发生率、平均住院时间、平均住院费用分别为39．13％、9．16d、和5495．83元，均显著高于无慢病组（23．68％、5．92d、4219．44元，均P〈0．05）。结论慢病患者药物中毒仍以自杀为主，其次为相对过量或误服。加强心理疏导和服药监督可减少慢病患者中毒的发生。Objective To investigate the clinical features of drug poisoning in patients with chronic non-infectious diseases and relevant countermeasures. Methods The clinical data of 84 patients with drug poisoning, 46 with chronic non-infectious diseases （group with chronic diseases）, 20 males and 26 females, 59.89 （20 -96） , and 38 without chronic non-infectious diseases （group without chronic diseases）, 12 males and 26 females, aged 43.16 （15 - 82）, were analyzed. Results Most of the drugs causing poisoning were sedative-hypnotic drugs in both groups. The percentage of sedative-hypnotic poisoning in the group with chronic diseases was 78.26%, significantly lower than that of the group without chronic diseases （92.11%, P〈0.05）. The percentage of poisoning caused by cardiovascular drugs was 13.04% in the group with chronic diseases and 0 in the group without chronic diseases. The percentage of drug poisoning caused by suicide in the group with chronic disease was 63.0d%, significantly lower than that in the group without chronic diseases （73.68% P〈0.05）. The percentage of poisoning caused by incidental overtaking in the group with chronic diseases was 19.57%, significantly higher than that in the group without chronic diseases （5.26%, P〈0.05）. The complication rate, average hospital stay time, and average hospital cost of the group with chronic diseases were 39.13%, 9.16 days, and 5495.83 yuan RMB, all significantly higher or longer than those of the group without chronic diseases [23.68%, 5.92 days, and 4219.44 yuan RMB respectively, all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The main cause of drug poisoning in the patients with chronic diseases is still suicide. Psychological counseling and drug administration monitoring may help in reducing drug poisoning among these patients.

关 键 词：慢性非传染性疾病 药物中毒 对策 

分 类 号：R825.92[医药卫生—临床医学]