GPS测量的中性大气折射改正的研究  

RESEARCH ON THE CORRECTION FOR THE NEUTRAL ATMOSPHERIC DELAY IN GPS SURVEYING

作　　者：欧吉坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所

出　　处：《测绘学报》1998年第1期31-36,共6页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所动力大地测量开放研究实验室资助

摘　　要：中性大气对ＧＰＳ信号的折射影响是ＧＰＳ测量的重要误差源之一。测量定位的垂直分量精度的提高，受到中性大气延迟改正程度很强制约。本文首先介绍中性大气延迟量的计算方法和估算中性大气对基线测量影响的公式，然后比较不同气象参数对计算延迟的影响和分析不同改正模型的模拟计算结果。通过比较分析，得到一些有益的结论。文章特别分析了实际应用Ｓａａｓｔａ－ｍｏｉｎｅｎ模型和Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ模型时应注意的问题。As we know that the refraction of the neutral atmosphere on radio signals is one of the important error sources in GPS surveying. The accuracy of the vertical component in positioning is restricted strongly by the extent of correction for this kind of delay. In this paper, firstly, the algorithm and the models of the neutral atmospheric delay are summarized and the formulas of estimating accuracy of baseline in GPS surveying which are effected by this delay are introduced. Secondly, the effects of the variations of the different meteorological parameters, such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, the partial pressure of water vapor or relative humidity, etc. on calculating the delay are discussed in detail, and the results of simulated calculation by using several different models are compared with each other, some conclusions are reached. Finally, some remarks on using the Saastamoinen's model and the Hopfield's model are given which should be paid attention to in practice.

关 键 词：GSP测量 中性大气折射 信号延迟改正 测量 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]