西安地区出土的2200年前人与现代人下颌骨后段的形态学研究  

Morphological study on posterior portion of human mandible of modern people and people in 2000 years ago

作　　者：闻静[1] 邵金陵[1] 李运明[2] 刘呆运 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学口腔医学院正畸科,陕西西安710032 [2]第四军医大学卫生统计学教研室,陕西西安710032 [3]陕西省考古研究院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志》2009年第4期226-228,共3页Chinese Journal of Conservative Dentistry

基　　金：西安市社发攻关课题(GG05165)

摘　　要：目的:通过对西安地区出土的2 200年前人下颌骨标本与现代人下颌骨标本的研究,探讨人下颌骨后段形态的演化。方法:选取保存较完整的2 200年前成人男性下颌骨标本36个,现代成人男性下颌骨标本38个。按第三磨牙萌出情况进行分组,采用数显游标卡尺及万能角度尺对下颌骨进行测量,记录相关数据并进行统计学分析。结果:2 200年前人标本下颌斜长OB、磨牙后间隙BX均大于现代人标本,两者之间的比值(OB/BX)现代人大于2 200年前人,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。同时期内不同分组测量结果显示,萌出组下颌斜长、磨牙后间隙长度与阻生组、缺失组差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:下颌骨长度和磨牙后间隙长度影响下颌第三磨牙的生长发育。伴随咀嚼器官的不断退化,人下颌骨总长度呈负增长趋势,且磨牙后间隙长度退化幅度尤为显著。AIM： To find out the morphological evolution characteristics of mandible of the people in Xi＇an city through the observation and measurement of mandible sample excavated here 2,000 years ago and that of the modem people. METHODS： Thirty -six well -preserved mandible samples of people living in 2,200 year ago, about Qin dynasty, and that of thirty - eight of modern people were selected. The samples were classified according to the eruption condition of the third molar, digital vernial caliper and omnipotent angle ruler were used for the mandible measurement. Observation data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0. RESULTS： The length of mandibular alveolar ridge （OB） and that of retromolar （BX） in the samples of Qin dynasty were generally greater than that of the modern people. The differences were significant. The ratios of OB/BX were greater in the modern samples compared with that of Qin ＇s group. Measurement result gained at the same period in different groups displayed that the length of retromolar space in the eruption group had significant difference with that in the impacted and missing group. CONCLUSION： The length of mandibular alveolar ridge and the insufficiency of the length of retromolar space had influence on the growth of the third molar. With the continuous degeneration of the masticated organs, the growth of human mardibular kept pace with the negative trend. The degeneration degree of length of the retromolar space of modern people is much larger than that of the ancient people.

关 键 词：考古学 2200年前人 现代人 下颌骨后段 第三磨牙 

分 类 号：R780.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]