中国38起高压氧舱事故分析及安全管理探讨  

Analysis of 38 accidents and the investigation of safety management about medical hyperbaric oxygen chamber in our country

作　　者：黄怀[1] 李宁[2] 翁其彪[3] 陈宇珂[1] 古菁[1] 谢秋幼[1] 张延武[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区广州总医院,广州510010 [2]第三军医大学新桥医院高压氧治疗中心,重庆400037 [3]南方医科大学附属珠江医院,广州510282

出　　处：《重庆医学》2009年第8期894-896,共3页Chongqing medicine

摘　　要：目的分析中国38起高压氧舱事故的基本情况,探讨氧舱安全规范管理的措施。方法采用检索相关文献、查阅相关专著及期刊、网络搜索、咨询或实地考察4种形式收集事故资料,以上2种或2种以上完全符合者,纳入统计范围。通过分析事故单位的事故舱舱型、性质、主要原因、伤亡人数,并与国外比较,进一步探讨中国氧舱管理的缺陷,从而总结安全管理的措施。结果中国氧舱发生事故共38起,其中火灾伤亡事故36起,事故总发生率为1.00%左右,共造成77人死亡,8人受伤,36起火灾事故中,由设备问题引起的占17.39%,因违章失职造成的达82.61%,氧气加压舱占77.78%,空气加压舱占22.22%。结论中国氧舱事故多发,氧气加压舱占大多数,安全形势严峻。必须从落实、完善有关制度及安全运行、搞好学科建设、合理治疗等方面采取相关措施,加强科学、规范的管理来保障安全。Objective To investigate the safety management of medical hyperbaric oxygen chambers in China by analyzed 38 accidents. Methods Collected cases by 4 ways： searched document, refered to thesis or periodical, network scoured, consultation or field survey,and selected cases to analyze which can be searched by no less than two of these ways at end. The dates about these ac cidents just as model number of chambers, category of accidents, main causes and casualty number were analyzed and compared such of overseas. Investigated a defect of administration of medical hyperbaric oxygen chambers in China further through this analysis and concluded the safety management. Results There were 38 accidents of hyperbaric oxygen chamber in China by far,which were induced by fire（n=36） and some others（n=2）,the incidence was 1.00 percent,caused 77 died and 8 suffered injuries totally. The 36 fire-cases, 17.39 percent were from equipment malfunction and 82.61 percent were from violation of operating rules and dereliction of duty; 77.78% came from oxygen chamber and 22.22% were hyperbaric air chamber. Conclusion The incident rate of domestic medical hyperbaric oxygen chambers is high. The oxygen chamber hold major part and the security situation is severe. There-fore, something must be done to improve the safe conditions of medical hyperbaric oxygen chambers in China, including system fulfilling and perfecting, equipment steady running,doing well the subject construction and reasoned treatment plans; establish scientific and standard managerial system to ensure safety running.

关 键 词：高压氧舱 事故 安全 管理 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]