北京房山农村围绝经期女性常见慢性病现况研究  

A Cross-sectional Study on Chronic Diseases in Rural Menopausal Females in Fangshan District,Beijing

作　　者：何柳[1] 李娜[2] 唐迅[1] 宋岩[1] 刘建江[2] 许海涛[2] 张建中[2] 胡永华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,教育部流行病学重点实验室,北京100191 [2]北京市房山区卫生局,北京102488

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2009年第2期144-147,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目课题(2001BA703B02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671807;30872173)

摘　　要：目的了解已绝经及未绝经女性原发性高血压、2型糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中患病状况及其相关危险因素分析。方法对北京房山周口店地区40岁以上农村女性以问卷、体格检查和实验室检测的形式进行普查。结果已绝经女性原发性高血压、2型糖尿病、冠心病和脑卒中患病率(64.2%,13.2%,5.9%,48.1%)均高于未绝经女性(41.4%,6.9%,1.7%,15.1%),差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);调整年龄等因素后,绝经与原发性高血压、2型糖尿病、冠心病显著相关(P<0.05)。在已绝经女性中,仅患原发性高血压和原发性高血压合并2型糖尿病与脑卒中相关(P<0.05),OR值分别为4.014,6.447;仅患原发性高血压、2型糖尿病、原发性高血压合并2型糖尿病与冠心病相关(P<0.05),OR值分别为4.725,2.153,4.929。结论绝经对农村女性4种常见慢性病发生发展起重要作用,应将绝经女性群体作为慢性病防制的高危人群给予更多关注。Objective To investigate the distribution of four common chronic diseases including essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease （CHD） and stroke, and their related risk factors in fertile and menopausal women. Methods Census data were collected by questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory examination in females older than 40 yrs in rural areas of Fangshan District, Beijing. Student＇s t test, chi-square test and logistic regression model were used. Results The prevalence rates of essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes, CHD, stroke in menopausal women （64.2%, 13.2%, 5.9%, 48.1%） were higher than those in fertile women （41.4%, 6.9%, 1.7%, 15.1%）with statistically significant differences （P〈0.05）, while first three of them were associated with menopause （P〈0.05）, after adjusted by age et al. In menopausal women, essential hypertension was associated with stroke （OR=4.014） and CHD （OR=4.725）, and also essential hypertension combined with type 2 diabetes was associated with stroke （OR=6.447） and CHD （OR=4.929）. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes was associated with CHD （OR=2.153）. Conclusion Menopausal women are much more affected by the four common chronic diseases than fertile women, so they should be paid more attention to as a group of people at high risk.

关 键 词：高血压 糖尿病 2型 冠心病 脑卒中 农村女性 绝经 危险因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]