夏玉米生育期叶面蒸腾与棵间蒸发比例试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Ratio between Evaporation and Transpiration of Maize

作　　者：赵娜娜[1] 刘钰[1] 蔡甲冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2009年第2期5-8,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家973计划课题(2006CB403405);国家863计划课题(2006AA100208-4)

摘　　要：利用大型称重式蒸渗仪测定夏玉米生育期的总腾发量,用小型蒸发器测定棵间蒸发量,用茎流计测定叶面蒸腾量。通过3种设备实测数据的对比分析,得到夏玉米生育期的总耗水量为436.3 mm,其中叶面蒸腾316.4 mm,棵间蒸发119.9 mm,棵间蒸发占总腾发量的比例达到27.5%。茎流计所测得的蒸腾量与大蒸渗仪和小蒸发器联合测得的蒸腾量相关性良好,从而验证了用茎流计法测定叶面蒸腾方法的可行性。根据茎流计实测数据分析了叶面蒸腾的日变化过程,发现夏玉米叶面蒸腾与净辐射密切相关,呈周期性变化。In this paper, we measure the evapotranspiration with large-scale lysismeter, evaporation with micro-lysismeters and transpiration with sap-flow gauge. By the comparison and analyze of these measured data, we can get the crop water of maize is 436. 271 mm during the whole growing stages, transpiration and evaporation is 316.41 mm and 119. 865 mm respectively, the ratio of evaporation to evapotranspiration is 27.47%. On the other hand, the result of sap-flow is also compared with transpiration calculated by actual evapotranspiration from large-scale lysismeter and evaporation from micro-lysismeters. The result shows strong correlation. The results of experiment show that this method can be used to measure transpiration of maize. According to the actual data of sap-low, The changing process daily transpiration of is also analyzed, it has strong correlation with net radiation and shows seasonal change with net radiation, and presents periodicity.

关 键 词：夏玉米 茎流计 蒸渗仪 棵间蒸发 叶面蒸腾 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S161.4