高电流密度电解对阴极铜质量的影响  

Effect of electrorefining with high current density on cathode copper

作　　者：郑雅杰[1] 赵攀峰[1] 王勇[1] 吕重安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第2期311-316,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：广东省创新基金资助项目(200501045)

摘　　要：在铜电解液中加入亚砷酸铜净化脱除锑和铋,当电解液中As质量浓度从6g/L增加到12g/L后,电解液中锑和铋的质量浓度分别从0.65和0.15g/L降到0.30和0.07g/L,锑、铋去除率分别达到53.85%和53.33%。铜电解液净化后,在铜离子质量浓度为45～50g/L,硫酸质量浓度为180～210g/L,电解液温度为65℃时,电流密度为300A/m2条件下进行电解得到的阴极铜达到高纯阴极铜质量标准(GB/T467—1997)。连续电解7d所得阴极铜铜质量分数为99.9960%,阴极电流效率为99.1%。电解液中砷、锑、铋质量浓度分别为13.65,0.36和0.075g/L。电解过程中56.2%锑、88.3%铋进入阳极泥,而78.8%的砷进入电解液。电解3d后,铜离子质量浓度从45上升到51g/L,硫酸质量浓度从210下降到175g/L,槽电压从0.21上升到0.27V,采用脱铜补酸处理可维持电解的正常进行。The Sb concentration of copper electrolyte decreases from 0.65 to 0.30 g/L, Bi from 0.15 to 0.07 g/L after As concentration increases from 6 to 12 g/L by adding copper arsenite to copper electrolyte. The removal rates of antimony and bismuth are 53.85% and 53.33%, respectively. The cathode copper electrorefined from purified copper electrolyte containing 45-50 g/L copper ion and 180-210 g/L sulfuric acid at 65℃ and 300 A/m2 gets up to the high pure grade of Chinese standard of GB/T 467-1997. The mass fraction of copper of cathode copper amounts to 99.996 0% and the cathode current efficiency is 99.1% after continuous electrolysis for 7 d. The concentration of As, Sb and Bi of electrolyte is 13.65, 0.36 and 0.075 g/L respectively after electrolysis. The 56.2% of Sb and 88.3% of Bi deposits in anode slime, while the 78.8% of As dissolves in the electrolyte. The copper ion concentration increases from 45 to 51 g/L, sulfuric acid from 210 to 175 g/Land the cell potential increases from 0.21 to 0.27 V after the continuous electrolysis for 3 d. The electrolysis can be performed continuously by removing suitable copper sulfate and adding sulfuric acid.

关 键 词：铜电解液 净化 电流密度 电解 

分 类 号：TF803.27[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]