纳木错湖旅游人群急性高原病和上呼吸道感染流行病学调查  

Investigation of incidences of acute mountain sickness and upper respiratory tract infection in tourist population in the Namucuo Lake

作　　者：柯涛[1] 王吉野[2] 龙泳[1] 王亚玉[1] 闫永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学军事预防医学系流行病学教研室,陕西西安710032 [2]第四军医大学军事预防医学系劳动卫生与环境卫生学教研室,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2009年第2期115-118,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAI19B07)

摘　　要：目的研究赴西藏纳木错湖旅游人群急性高原病和上呼吸道感染的发病率及其相关因素,为进一步预防和治疗研究提供基础。方法采用抽样研究的方法,样本来自赴西藏纳木错旅游的志愿人群,用Lake Louise评分系统现场诊断标准诊断急性高原病(acute mountain sickness,AMS)。结果西藏纳木错旅游人群急性高原病和上呼吸道感染的发病率分别为42.3%、16.5%,头痛、头晕、疲劳、胃肠症状的发生率分别为33.9%、15.6%、11.1%、6.5%。服用抗高原病药物组的上呼吸道感染发病率显著高于未服用药物组,但对AMS发病率的影响无统计学意义,其他因素(年龄、性别、预防保健措施等)对AMS和上呼吸道感染发病率的影响无统计学意义,预防保健措施强度与AMS无关。结论纳木错旅游人群AMS和上呼吸道感染的发病率较高。个体易感性很有可能在AMS和上呼吸道感染发生中的作用占有较大比重。Objective To investigate the incidences of acute mountain sickness （AMS） and upper res- piratory tract infection and contributing factors in tourist population in the Namucuo Lake （4 719 m）, and to basic data for further researches on the precaution and treatment of AMS and other altitude related illnesses. Methods Subjects participating in our investigation were sampled from voluntary tourists as- cending to the Namucuo Lake （4 719 m）. Lake Louise self-scoring system was used to diagnose AMS. Upper respiratory tract infection was categorized into binary variable defined by tourists＇ own physical condition. Results In the tourist population traveling from Lhasa （3 650 m） to Namucuo （4 719 m） by bus, incidences of AMS and upper respiratory tract infection were 42.3 % , 16.5 % , respectively. Medication use was the only factor influencing the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection but not found in relation to AMS statistically. Age, gender, precaution measures did not correlate with the incidences of AMS and upper respiratory tract infection significantly. Precaution measures＇ level did not correlate with the incidence of AMS either. Conclusions Relatively higher incidences of AMS and upper respiratory tract infection are found in the tourists population after a quick ascent to the Namucuo Lake （4 719 m）. Individual susceptibility is most likely the leading factor precipitating the occurrence of AMS and upper respiratory tract infection.

关 键 词：高原病 呼吸道感染 发病率 

分 类 号：R598.6[医药卫生—内科学]