黄土高原沟壑区长武县景观格局分析  

Analysis of landscape pattern of Changwu County in the Loess Plateau-gully region

作　　者：任怡[1] 毕华兴[1] 云雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2009年第1期43-48,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑项目“黄土区农林复合系统可持续经营技术研究”(2006BAD03A0503);国家“973”重点基础研究发展计划课题“水土流失综合调控原理与治理范式”(2007CB407207);北京市重点交叉学科“生态环境地理学”项目

摘　　要：基于遥感、GIS技术和景观生态学方法,以黄土高原沟壑区陕西省长武县为研究对象,在2005年TM影像的基础上,分析土地利用与景观格局的总体特征。结果表明:景观构成上,长武县以园地、林地为景观基质,其他景观类型作为斑块镶嵌其中;在景观总体水平上,研究区景观多样性较低,分布均匀性较强,而异质性较弱,整体景观破碎化程度和分离程度均较低;景观类型水平上,从斑块平均面积和斑块密度反应出研究区农地、园地斑块的破碎化程度最大,而林地的破碎化程度最低;景观指数的相关性分析表明,园地面积与林地面积之间存在极显著负相关,优势度指数与聚集度指数间存在极显著正相关。各个乡镇景观指数的分析结果是,高优势度、高聚集度和低分维数的区域为彭公乡,土地利用以大面积的园地、林地为主导。Based on the remote sensing data in 2005, the general features of land use type and landscape patterns in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, in the Loess Plateau were studied with the methodologies of remote sensing, geographical information system（GIS）and the landscape ecology. It is shown that： the matrix landscape in this area was garden plot and woodland, which were embedded by other landscape patches. The current landscape pattern in the study area illustrated its landscape features as low biodiversity, high distribution evenness, low level of heterogeneity and low fragmentation and fractal dimension of the overall landscape in this area. It was learned from the patch area and the patch density that the fragmentation of farmland and garden plot is high, but it is low in the woodland. The results also showed that there was obviously negative correlation between the area of the garden plot and the woodland and there was obviously positive correlation between the dominance and the contagion. The results demonstrated that Penggong village had mainly high level of dominance and contagion and low level of fractal dimension dominated by large blocks of garden plot and woodland.

关 键 词：地理信息系统 景观指数 景观格局 相关性 黄土高原沟壑区 

分 类 号：TU984.113[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]