淦鑫688氮素营养特性及其与群体发育和产量形成的关系  

Relationship between Characteristics of N Nutrition and Population Development,Yield Formation of Ganxin688

作　　者：李木英[1] 石庆华[1] 方慧铃[1] 潘晓华[1] 谭雪明[1] 曾勇军[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室,农业部双季稻生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2009年第2期183-193,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：科技部"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAD02A04);农业部超级稻研究专项

摘　　要：通过不同氮肥运筹方式,探讨淦鑫688的吸氮特性及其对群体发育和产量形成的影响。结果表明,淦鑫688是一个吸肥能力强、同时对氮肥运筹技术较敏感的组合。本试验条件下总吸氮量随施氮量的增加而提高,不同基蘖肥与穗粒肥配比处理对中期和前期吸氮量的影响较大。氮肥表观利用率随总施氮量和穗粒肥比重的增加而提高。稻谷产量与吸氮量非直线极显著相关,当吸氮量超过150 kg/hm2,增产效果不明显。干物质产量与吸氮量极显著正相关。茎蘖数和穗数与基蘖肥用量极显著正相关,高量的基蘖肥提高了茎蘖高峰值,推迟了峰时。成穗率因总氮量的提高而显著下降。一次枝梗、颖花的分化与基蘖肥用量极显著正相关,一次枝梗的退化与基蘖肥用量极显著负相关。二次枝梗的退化与穗粒肥用量显著负相关,抽穗期颖花数与穗粒肥用量显著正相关。根系伤流量与穗肥用量显著正相关,根系伤流下降率与穗肥用量显著负相关。适当提高穗粒肥用量,有利于维持后期根系和叶片较高的生理活力,延缓衰老。Ganxin688 was studied for its characteristics of nitrogen absorbability and their impact on the population development and yield formation. Different nitrogen application methods were conducted in the research. The result showed that Ganxin688 was a combination with high nitrogen absorbance but sensitive to fer- tilizer application methods. Under the condition of this research, the amount of absorbed nitrogen increased with the application. Different application ratios of basic - tiller and panicle - grain N fertilizer had relatively great effect on the metaphase and prophase of growth. The utilizing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer increased with nitrogen application amount and panicle - grain fertilizer application amount. The grain yield and nitrogen absorbability were significantly correlated. When the absorbanee was over 150 kg,/hm2, the increase of grain yield was in- conspicuous. The correlation was remarkable between dry matter yield and nitrogen absorbanee, and between the maximal number of fillers, number of effective panicle and the amount of nitrogen application used as basic tiller fertilizer. High basic - filler nitrogen application enhanced the peak value of tillers and postponed the time of apex. The earbearing tiller percentage markedly decreased with increased nitrogen application. The dif- ferentiation numbers of first panicle branches, spikelets and the amount of basic - tiller fertilizer were positively correlated. The degeneration of the first panicle branches and amount of basic - tiller fertilizer application were negatively correlated. The negative correlation also existed between degeneration of the second panicle bran- ches and the amount of panicle - grain fertilizer application. Spikelet number in the heading stage and the a- mount of panicle - grain fertilizer application had positive correlation. Xylem sap of roots and the amount of panicle - grain fertilizer application were positively correlated. Decline rates of xylem sap of roots and the a- mount of panicle - grain fertilizer applic

关 键 词：氮肥运筹 营养特性 群体发育 产量形成 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]