基于类比的软件成本估算及其一种改进方法  

Analogy-Based Software Cost Estimation and Its Improvement

作　　者：曹冬生 王强军[2] 张元忠 王晓明[2] 

机构地区：[1]总装备部,北京100000 [2]国防科技大学计算机学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《计算机工程与科学》2009年第5期102-106,共5页Computer Engineering & Science

摘　　要：基于类比的软件成本估算方法利用相似的历史项目信息来预测目标项目的属性值,具有不需要校准、能够在没有统计关系可以利用的情况下发挥作用等优点。本文在类比估算四个基本步骤的框架下,详细说明了类比估算所必须进行的相关操作,并参照案例推理系统把类比估算过程描述为一个从数据收集、属性选取开始,到估算报告输出、结果重用的循环结构。根据估算实践,提出了针对大数据集的计算优化方法,不仅有效降低了估算过程中的计算量,而且在一定程度上避免了次要因素的影响,提高了估算的可信度。Estimation by analogy （EBA） in software cost estimation is an application of the theory of case-based reasoning, and it uses information from the former similar projects to predict the cost of a new project. Some advantages are offered by analogy-based estimation： first, it is easy to understand the basis of estimation. Second, it has the potential to miti- gate problems with calibration. And finally, it is useful when the domain is difficult to model. According to the four basic steps of analogy, an open framework is developed, which is used for the whole process of estimation by analogy. From the problem definition to the estimation validation, all of the steps are fully detailed. And during the process of estimation, an optimization method is brought forward for the similarity calculation of large datasets. This not only greatly reduces the a- mount of calculation, but also avoids the effect of the less important factors, and thus improves the trust of estimation to a certain degree.

关 键 词：软件成本估算 类比 过程 改进 

分 类 号：TP311.5[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]