南亚热带城市浅水湖泊富营养化与浮游植物群落的时空特征：以肇庆星湖为例  

Eutrophication and Phytoplankton Community Structure of Xinghu Lake,a Shallow Urban Lake in South China

作　　者：孔义军[1] 杨浩文[2] 林少君[1] 雷腊梅[1] 韩博平[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州510632 [2]广东省水文局,广州510150

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2009年第2期153-160,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：广东省水文局重点项目(No.SWZ2003-1);教育部优秀青年基金资助~~

摘　　要：星湖位于我国南亚热带地区,为城市浅水湖泊,由5个子湖(仙女湖、波海湖、青莲湖、中心湖和里湖)组成.于2002年的1月、3月、7月、8月、10月和12月对前4个子湖的水质和浮游植物进行了采样分析.星湖的总氮和总磷浓度分布范围分别为0.351～2.488mgL-1和0.009～0.151mgL-1,营养盐浓度变化规律均在3月达到最高值,7、8月逐渐降低,10、12月又有所增加.星湖的营养状态(TSI:40～56)整体处于中富营养化向富营养化过渡的阶段,各子湖营养状态存在一定的空间差异,波海湖富营养化程度最高,而仙女湖和青莲湖最低,这种空间差异主要由污染物的入湖位置和子湖的水动力连通特点所决定.从星湖共检到浮游植物128种,其丰度的分布范围为0.85×106～44.28×106 cells L-1.浮游植物3月丰度最低,7、8月最高.在数量组成上,4个子湖的浮游植物群落有很高相似性,群落结构以蓝藻–绿藻为优势类群.1月以绿藻和硅藻占优势,7、8、10和12月则由蓝藻占绝对优势,平列藻是最主要的优势种.浮游植物丰度的季节变化主要受季节性的降水和湖泊水位调节的影响.The Xinghu Lake, a typical shallow lake,located in the urban area of Zhaoqing City, Guangdong, China and consists of five sub-lakes, the Xiannü Lake, Bohai Lake, Qinglian Lake, Zhongxin Lake and Lihu Lake. The sub-lakes are connected with each others for boating. In order to understand its eutrophication and phytoplankton community in the lake system, the four sub-lakes were investigated in January, March, July, August, October and December, 2002. The TN and TP concentrations of the Xinghu Lake ranged from 0.351 mg L^-1 to 2.488 mg L^-1 and from 0.009 mg L^-1 to 0.151 mg L^-1, respectively. The nutrient concentration was highest in March, decreased gradually with precipitation in July and August, and it increased following the dry season. Generally speaking, the Xinghu Lake was a mesotrophic water body with a trophic state index （TSI） between 40 and 56. As the polluted water mainly fed into the northern sub-lakes （Bohai and Xiannü）, there existed a significant spatial difference in the trophic state index among the sub-lakes. The Bohai Lake was eutrophic with the highest TSI, and the Xiannü Lake and Qinglian Lake were mesotrophic with the lowest TSI. 128 phytoplankton species were totally observed and sampled from all the four sub-lakes. Phytoplankton abundance had a seasonal dynamics contrast to the nutrients, ranging from 0.85×10^6 cells L^-1 to 44.28×10^6 cells L^-1. It was found the lowest in March and highest in July and August. As a eutrophic lake system, the phytoplankton community structures of the sub-lakes were quite similar, they were dominated primarily by cyanobacteria-chlorophyta. They were dominated by chlorophyta and diatoms in January, by cyanobacteria （e.g., Merismopedia glauca） in March, July, August, October and December. The hydrodynamics affected by the seasonal rainfall and water-level controlling played an important role in regulating the eutrophication and phytoplankton abundance. Fig 2, Tab 6, Ref 30

关 键 词：富营养化 浮游植物 城市浅水湖泊 南亚热带 

分 类 号：X5243[环境科学与工程—环境工程]