流动沙漠腹地咸水滴灌林地土壤微生物的种群特征  

Characteristics of Soil Microbial Population of the Forest Land Irrigated with Salt Water in Drift Desert Hinterland

作　　者：靳正忠[1,2] 雷加强[1] 徐新文[1] 李生宇[1] 赵思峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]石河子大学农学院,石河子832003

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2009年第2期192-196,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(No.200733144-3);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(No.200821163);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(No.KZCX2-XB2-13)资助~~

摘　　要：土壤微生物种群结构和多样性研究是了解土壤物质和能量状况的重要途径之一.本文选择磷脂脂肪酸甲酯法和培养计数法,对塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤微生物种群特征作了分析,旨在为沙漠公路防护林地的稳定性建设提供理论支持.结果表明,塔里木沙漠公路防护林地建设后土壤微生物数量明显增加,防护林定植年限越长,土壤微生物数量越大,且细菌是优势类群,数量远大于放线菌和真菌.防护林地的建设促进了土壤微生物脂肪酸多样性的提高,脂肪酸种类显著增加,但土层间无明显差异.C14:0、C15:0、C16:0、C17:0、C18:1ω9、C18:0、C18:2ω6和C21:0是林地土壤微生物脂肪酸的优势种,经主成分分析和回归分析后得出C14:0、C16:0、C18:0可有效指示土壤微生物总数量;C15:0、C17:0可用来标记土壤细菌和放线菌;而C18:1ω9和C18:2ω6与土壤真菌密切相关.磷脂脂肪酸甲酯法研究结果能够较好地反映塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤微生物的种群结构变化.The study on soil microbial population and diversity is one of the important ways to understand soil energy process. This study analyzed the characteristics of soil microbial populations of the highway shelter forest in the Tarim Desert. The results illustrated that soil microbial quantity was increased significantly with the time course of shelter forest plantation, and the soil microbial populations were dominated by bacteria. The diversity of soil microbial fatty acid was improved. The fatty acids of C14：0, C15：0, C16：0, C17：0, C18：1ω9, C18：0, C18：2ω6 and C21：0 dominated soil microbial fatty acids of the shelter forest land. Principal analysis and regression analysis showed that C14：0, C16：0 and C18：0 could be used as indicators of total soil microbial quantity. Soil bacteria and actinomycetes were closely related with C15：0 and C17：0, while soil fungi with C18：1ω9 and C18：2ω6. Therefore, the analysis method of phospholipid fatty acid methyl ester could be applied to demonstrate the variation in soil microbial populations of the highway shelter forest in the Tarim Desert. Fig 2, Tab 4, Ref 17

关 键 词：流动沙漠 防护林 土壤微生物多样性 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]