有机和常规生产系统中甜瓜氮素吸收差异分析  

Difference in Nitrogen Uptake by Muskmelon in Organic and Conventional Farming Systems

作　　者：宋世威[1,2] LEHNE Philipp 葛体达[1] 乐建刚[1] 黄丹枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2009年第2期197-201,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：中国博士后基金项目(No.2005038436);国家"863"计划项目(No.2006AA10Z221);上海市蔬菜学重点学科建设项目(No.B209)资助~~

摘　　要：在甜瓜有机生产系统中,设置3个有机肥料水平处理,即空白(OZ)、半量施肥(OH)和标准施肥(OS),在常规生产系统中设置两个化肥水平处理,即空白(CZ)和正常施肥(CS),以研究有机和常规两种土壤中速效氮的变化及甜瓜对氮素的吸收规律.结果表明,在甜瓜的生长发育过程中,有机肥料向土壤中提供了与常规处理相同水平的速效氮.两种生产系统中甜瓜的生物量和产量差异不显著,且不受施肥水平的影响.甜瓜植株的氮素含量在生育过程中逐渐降低,氮素吸收量逐渐增加,常规处理显著高于有机处理,生产系统内部不同的施肥水平之间差异不显著.常规处理中甜瓜的氮素吸收速率显著高于有机处理,同时植株体内积累了较多的硝态氮从而降低了氮素利用效率.Three organic fertilizer treatments were conducted in organic farming system： Organic blank （OZ）, organic half amount fertilization （OH）, and organic standard amount fertilization （OS）, and two chemical fertilizer treatments were done in conventional farming： Conventional blank （CZ） and conventional standard amount fertilization （CS）. The transformation of available nitrogen （N） in soil and its uptake by muskmelon （Cucumis melo L.） were analyzed. The results indicated that the organic fertilizer mineralized the same amount of available N to the soil during muskmelon plant development, compared with the conventional treatment. There were no significant differences in biomass and yield of muskmelon plant between organic and conventional farming systems, and the fertilization level had no effect on these two parameters. Though N content in plant tissue decreased gradually during muskmelon plant development, total accumulated N amount increased gradually. The N content and its accumulation amount in plant were significantly higher in the conventional treatments than those in organic ones, though there was no significant difference caused by fertilization level in each production system. The N uptake rate of muskmelon plant in the conventional treatments was significant higher than that in organic ones, but higher nitrate N accumulation reduced its N utilization efficiency. Fig 4, Tab 4, Ref22

关 键 词：有机生产系统 甜瓜 氮 硝态氮 利用效率 

分 类 号：S652.06[农业科学—果树学]