6种针叶树活枝叶在森林防火戒严期的燃烧性比较  

Comparative study on combustibility of living branches and leaves of six coniferous woody plants during the prohibitive period of forest fire

作　　者：李世友[1,2] 张桥蓉[1] 马爱丽[1] 袁俊杰 杨林 舒立福[4] 

机构地区：[1]西南林学院保护生物学学院,昆明650224 [2]云南省高校森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明650224 [3]西南航空护林总站,昆明650021 [4]中国林业科学院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2009年第2期178-183,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：昆明市科技局重点项目(06H114135);云南省青年基金项目(2003C0021Q);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD04B05)共同资助

摘　　要：在森林防火戒严期内,用自行设计的燃烧试验装置对云南松Pinus yunnanensis Franch.,华山松Pinusarmandii Franch.,地盘松Pinus yunnanensis Franch. var. pygmaea(Hseh)Hseh,杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.,藏柏Cupressus torulosaD.Don和柳杉Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr.6种针叶树的活枝叶进行9次燃烧试验和无样品的对照试验。在测定和分析样品含水率、引燃时间、有焰燃烧时间、试验过程中烟气温度和质量损失变化等基础上,提出了燃烧性参数,即单位质量可燃物在有焰燃烧阶段相对于对照试验的烟气净积温与引燃时间之比。根据该参数计算6种针叶树9次燃烧试验的燃烧性参数,并根据9次试验燃烧性参数的平均值对6种针叶树的燃烧性进行了综合排序,即柳杉>藏柏>杉木>地盘松>华山松>云南松。研究结果还表明,6种针叶树的燃烧性在防火戒严期呈动态变化,并在总体上呈下降趋势。Combustion experiments of living branches and leaves of Pinus yunnanensis Franch, Pinus armandii Franch, Pinus yunnanensis Franch. var. pygmaea （Hsiieh） Hstieh, Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook. , Cupressus torulosa D. Don, Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr were conducted during the prohibitive period of forest fire. The combustion characteristic parameter, namely, the ratio between net accumulated temperature of per unit mass fuel during sample experimental period compared with the control and ignition time, was put forward based on moisture content, igniting time, flaming combustion time, smoke temperature, and weight losing. The combustion characteristic parameters of 9 times experimentations were accounted and the combustibility order according the average of the characteristic parameters of 9 times experimentations was： C.fortunei 〉 C. torulosa 〉 C. lanceolata 〉 P. yunnanensis Franch. var. 〉 P. armandii 〉 P. yunnanensis. The results also showed that the combustibility of 6 coniferous woody plants changed dynamically and descended gradually in the prohibitive period of forest fire.

关 键 词：针叶树种 活枝叶 燃烧特征参数 森林防火戒严期 

分 类 号：S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]