卫-卫跟踪测量模式中轨道高度的优化选取  

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF ORBITAL ALTITUDE IN SATELLITE-TO-SATELLITE TRACKING MODEL

作　　者：郑伟[1,2] 许厚泽[1] 钟敏[1] 员美娟[3] 周旭华[1] 彭碧波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所动力大地测量学重点实验室,武汉430077 [2]日本京都大学防灾研究所,京都(日本)611-0011 [3]武汉科技大学应用物理系,武汉430081

出　　处：《大地测量与地球动力学》2009年第2期100-105,110,共7页Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-143);国家自然科学基金(40674038,40674013);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2009AA12Z138;2006AA09Z153);日本JSPS基盘研究项目(B19340129)

摘　　要：利用改进的能量守恒法基于不同轨道高度恢复了120阶GRACE地球重力场。模拟结果表明：1）卫星轨道高度每降低100 km,大气阻力提高约10倍,不稳定的卫星平台工作环境将影响GRACE核心载荷的测量精度;2）地球重力场高频信号衰减较快,基于500 km轨道高度,在20阶处重力场衰减因子为0.221,衰减效应分别在50阶、80阶、100阶和120阶处增大了9.621倍、92.857倍、418.957倍和1 895.369倍;3）降低轨道高度有利于提高重力场恢复精度,采用美国JPL公布的GRACE其他指标,在120阶处基于500 km轨道高度恢复累计大地水准面精度为17.316 cm,分别基于450 km、400 km和350 km轨道高度恢复精度提高了1.566倍、4.502倍和10.871倍;4）如果卫-卫跟踪测量模式中轨道高度设计为350～400 km有利于120阶地球重力场的恢复。The GRACE Earth＇ s gravitational field complete up to degree and order 120 is recovered based on different orbital altitude according to the improved energy conservation principle. The simulative results show： Firstly, with the decrease of orbital altitude per 100 km, atmospheric drag will increase 10 times approximately, and the unstable work environment of satellite platform will influence the measuring accuracy of GRACE key pay- loads. Secondly, the high-frequency signals of Earth＇ s gravitational field will be attenuated quickly. Attenuation factor comes to 0. 221 based on 500 km orbital altitude at degree 20, and attenuation effects increase 9. 621 times, 92. 857 times, 418. 957 times and 1895. 369 times at degree 50^th, degree 80^th, degree 100^th and degree 120^th, respectively. Thirdly, low orbital altitude is good for improving the accuracy of Earth＇ s gravitational field recovery.Cumulative geoid height error is at the level of 17. 316 cm using 500 km orbital altitude at degree 120^th, and the accuracies improve 1. 566 times, d. 502 times and 10.871 times as using 450 km, 400 km and 350 km orbital ahitude combined with GRACE other indexes published by JPL, U. S. , respectively; Lastly, orbital altitude designed as 350 - 400 km for future satellite-to-satellite tracking model will be propitious to the Earth＇ s gravitational field recovery complete up to degree and order 120.

关 键 词：GRACE 轨道高度 大气阻力 地球重力场 能量守恒法 

分 类 号：P223[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]