长期施用生物有机肥土壤的氮矿化  

Soil nitrogen mineralization in long-term application of biological-organic manure

作　　者：胡诚[1] 曹志平[2] 胡菊[2] 李双来[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第4期2080-2086,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家“十五”科技攻关资助项目(2004BA508B01);北京市生态学重点学科项目资助(XK10019440)

摘　　要：1997年在中国农业大学曲周试验站设置了施用EM堆肥、传统堆肥、化肥和对照处理的田间试验,在2004年和2005年取样测定土壤的矿质氮和氮矿化率。结果表明:在小麦生长的前期矿质氮含量是:化肥处理>EM堆肥处理>传统堆肥处理>对照;但是在施用化肥前和小麦生长的后期矿质氮含量是:EM堆肥处理>传统堆肥处理>化肥处理>对照。土壤的氮矿化率是:EM堆肥处理>传统堆肥处理>化肥处理>对照。小麦的产量是:EM堆肥处理显著高于传统堆肥处理,传统堆肥处理显著高于化肥处理,化肥处理显著高于对照。与传统堆肥相比,EM堆肥提高了土壤的矿质氮含量,提高了土壤的氮矿化率,增加了小麦产量。A field experiment of long-term application fertilizer treatment（including EM（effective microorganism）compost,traditional compost,chemical fertilizer and control）was carried out in Qu-Zhou experimental station,China Agricultural University.The results showed that soil mineral nitrogen in different treatments had the following trend in wheat growing prophase：chemical fertilizer 〉 EM compost 〉 traditional compost 〉 control.But there had the following trend in wheat growing anaphase：EM compost 〉 traditional compost 〉 chemical fertilizer 〉 control.The soil nitrogen mineralization rate in different treatments had the following trend：EM compost 〉 traditional compost 〉 chemical fertilizer 〉 control.The wheat yield in EM compost treatment was significantly higher than that in traditional compost treatment,and in traditional compost treatment was significantly higher than that in chemical fertilizer treatment,and in chemical fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that in control.The content of mineral nitrogen,nitrogen mineralization rate and wheat yield in EM compost treatment were increased compared to traditional compost treatments.

关 键 词：EM堆肥 传统堆肥 矿质氮 氮矿化 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]