不同盐碱化程度草地土壤肥力质量的季节动态特征  

Seasonal Dynamic Characteristic of Soil Fertility Quality in Different Saline-alkaline Grasslands

作　　者：王博文[1] 潘华[1] 岳中辉[2] 王洪峰[1] 阎秀峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨师范大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第4期22-26,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZJN0502-01);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC01A08)

摘　　要：以盐碱化程度不同的草地(非盐碱化、轻度盐碱化、中度盐碱化和重度盐碱化)为研究对象,分析松嫩盐碱草地土壤肥力质量季节变化,并运用因子分析的方法对其进行了综合评价。与5月份的相比,其它月份的轻度盐碱化草地土壤全氮和有机质质量分数,以及重度盐碱化草地土壤的全盐质量分数、Na+和Cl-质量分数明显减少;而非盐碱化草地土壤碱解氮质量分数、中度盐碱化草地土壤速效磷质量分数,以及重度盐碱化草地土壤的Ca2+质量分数却出现增加的情况。中度盐碱化草地7、8月份时土壤pH值、全盐质量分数、Na+、K+、Mg2+质量分数及总碱度明显高于其它3个月份的。9月份的全磷质量分数为整个生长季内最低的。6、9月份的全钾质量分数和6、7月份的含水量较其它月份明显减少。松嫩盐碱草地土壤肥力质量的主要影响因子依次为K+、速效磷、总碱度、全盐、碱化度、pH值、SO42-和Na+。随着时间推移,非盐碱化、轻度盐碱化和重度盐碱化草地的土壤肥力质量呈改善的趋势,而中度盐碱化草地土壤6月份时土壤肥力质量状况最好,9月份的次之,而8月份的最恶劣。A study was conducted to analyse and evaluate the seasonal changes of soil fertility quality in four different saline-al- kaline grasslands （non-saline-alkaline, light saline-alkaline, middle saline-alkaline and serious saline-alkaline ） in Songnen Plain by factor analysis. Total N and organic matter content of light saline-alkaline grassland and total salt, Na^＋ and Cl^- contents of serious saline-alkaline grassland in June, July, August and September all decreased remarkably compared with those in May. On the contrary, alkali-hydrolyzed N content of non-saline-alkaline grassland, available P content of middle saline-alkaline grassland and Ca^2＋ content of serious saline-alkaline grassland all increased after May. In middle saline-alkaline grassland, pH, total salt content, contents of Na^＋ , K^＋ and Mg^2 ＋ and total alkaline in July and August were significantly higher than those in the other three months. Total P was the lowest in September during the whole growing season. Total K content in June and September and water content in June and July were significantly lower than those in other months. Main factors, which influence soil fertility quality in Songnen saline-alkaline grassland, are K^＋ , available P, total alkaline, total salt content, ESP, pH, SO^2＋ and Na^＋ in proper order. With the lengthening of growing season, soil fertility quality in non-saline-alkaline grassland, light saline-alkaline grassland and serious saline-alkaline grassland all ameliorated, yet in middle saline-alkaline grassland, soil fertility quality of June was the best, and then followed by September and August in order.

关 键 词：松嫩盐碱草地 土壤肥力质量 土壤盐分 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]