轴向可压缩压杆的压缩失稳实验研究  

Experimental Study of Compressive Buckling for an Axial Compressible Rod

作　　者：徐家福[1] 齐德瑄[1] 张义同[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院力学系,天津300072

出　　处：《实验力学》2009年第2期115-120,共6页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)NO.2007CB714001

摘　　要：用受压变形明显的聚胺脂胶棒进行了两端铰支的压缩失稳试验。为减少铰支处的摩擦力,在胶棒的两端铰支处安装了直线轴承。试验中观察到了Euler压杆理论所不包括的一些失稳现象,如:仍然在线弹性变形范围内的压杆,没有像Euler压杆理论预测的那样发生屈曲;在较高的临界载荷作用下,柔度较小的压杆发生了亚临界屈曲,所产生的弯矩是突然失稳弯曲的杆件不能承受的,于是杆件突然卸载。另外,大柔度压杆的超临界屈曲,即类似Euler压杆的屈曲现象也被观察到了。这些实验结果与轴向可压缩压杆失稳理论所预测的相符。Compressive instability test was carried out by using polyurethane rubber rods, that are hinged at both ends and have obvious compressive deformation. Linear bearings were installed in hinge supports at both rod ends in order to reduce friction. Some buckling phenomena were observed which are not mentioned in Euler theory of rods. Such as within elastic deformation range, the compression rod, which should have been in buckling state according to Euler＇s theoretical prediction, is not in buckling ; and subcritical buckling haft occurred in compressive rods with low flexibility under high critical loads, and the rod subjected to a bending moment generated by higher critical load, which is unbearable for a rod with sudden buckling, has unloaded suddenly. In addition, supercritical buckling in compressive rod with high flexibility, namely the phenomenon similar to Euler ＇s compressive buckling, was also observed. These experiment.al results are consistent with the theoretical prediction about axial compressive instability for a compressible rod.

关 键 词：压杆失稳 轴向可压缩 亚临界失稳 超临界失稳 

分 类 号：TU323[建筑科学—结构工程]