基于仿生设计的风力发电机叶片力学性能的实验研究  

Experimental Study of Mechanical Performance of Wind Turbine Blade Based on Bionic Design

作　　者：刘旺玉[1] 张海全[1] 李明刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《实验力学》2009年第2期121-126,共6页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(资助号:50675067);广东省自然科学基金(资助号:05006496)

摘　　要：根据风力机的基本理论和相似理论设计了一个翼型为SG6050，半径为1m的小型风力机叶片。运用结构仿生学原理，对所设计的风力机叶片进行了仿生物中轴铺层设计。通过模态实验与应变实验，比较了传统设计与仿生设计两种不同风力机叶片的力学性能。模态实验结果表明，基于仿生设计的叶片的前六阶固有频率比传统叶片的前六阶固有频率减少约8％；两种叶片的固有频率均满足设计要求；仿生设计的叶片几乎不会改变叶片的动态特性。而应变实验表明，仿生设计的叶片在各种工况下的应变均大于传统的叶片约10％～20％。新设计的叶片具有较好的柔性，有效减小了叶片的应力，提高了叶片的疲劳寿命。According to basic theory and similitude theory of wind turbine, a 1-meter radius SG6050 airfoil wind turbine blade was designed and manufactured. Based on bionic principle, the medial axis ply stacking design was adopted for wind turbine blade. The mechanical property comparison between both blades designed by traditional model and bionic model was carried out based on modal and strain experiment, respectively. Results of modal experiment show that the first six inherence frequencies of blade designed by bionic model have dropped about 8% compared with that of blade designed by traditional model. The inherence frequencies of both kinds of blade all meet the design requirement, and the dynamic property of bionic blade is exactly the same as that of traditional blade. But results of strain experiment indicate that the strain of bionic blade is about 10% to 20% greater than that of traditional blade in various load cases. The newly designed blade has better flexibility, effectively decreases stress and improves blade fatigue life.

关 键 词：仿生设计 中轴图式 风力机叶片 模态和应变试验 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]