生物净化槽/强化生态浮床工艺处理农村生活污水  

Biological Purification Tank/Enhanced Ecological Floating Rafts Process for Treatment of Rural Domestic Sewage

作　　者：张增胜[1] 徐功娣[1,2] 陈季华[1] 奚旦立[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200051 [2]齐齐哈尔大学化工学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2009年第9期8-11,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：上海市科委"科技创新行动计划"项目(07dz12408);上海市博士后科学基金资助项目(08R214102);齐齐哈尔市科委资助项目(SFG06-30)

摘　　要：农村生活污水的随意排放对农村的生态环境构成了严重威胁,因地制宜地研发适合农村分散式生活污水处理的新技术与新工艺是解决农村水污染问题的关键所在。采用生物净化槽/强化生态浮床(BPT-EEFR)组合工艺处理崇明岛的农村生活污水,生物净化槽(BPT)可以有效地对有机物进行生物降解,强化生态浮床(EEFR)则进一步去除了氮和磷。在稳定运行的状况下,BPT-EEFR组合工艺的平均出水COD<45 mg/L、NH4+-N<5.0 mg/L、TP<0.75 mg/L、SS<20 mg/L,其对COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP及SS的平均去除率分别为80.3%、83.1%、50.2%、79.4%和88.1%,其中BPT对去除COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP及SS的贡献率分别为78%、25%、37%、53%及35%,EEFR的则为22%、75%、63%、47%及65%。同时,BPT-EEFR组合工艺还具有占地少、造价低、易于维护管理等优点,比较适合农村地区生活污水的处理。Random discharge of rural domestic sewage is a serious threat to the rural environment. Development of new technologies to suit local decentralized domestic sewage treatment is a key solution. The combined process of biological purification tank and enhanced ecological floating rafts was used to treat rural domestic sewage in Chongming Island. The biological purification tank can effectively degrade organic substances, and the enhanced ecological floating rafts can further remove nutriments such as ni- trogen and phosphorus. Under stable operating conditions, the average removal rates of COD, NH4^＋ - N, TN, TP and SS are 80.3% , 83.1%, 50.2%, 79.4% and 88.1% respectively. The average effluent concentration of COD, NH4 - N, TP and SS is equal to or less than 45 mg/L, 5.0 rag/L, 0.75 mg/L and 20 mg/L respectively. Among the removal of COD, NH4^＋ - N, TN , TP and SS, 78% , 25%, 37% , 53% and 35% are respectively contributed by the biological purification tank, and 22% , 75% , 63%, 47% and 65% are respectively due to the enhanced ecological floating rafts. Furthermore, the combined process exhibits advantages such as small land occupation, low cost, easy maintenance and management. It is suitable for treatment of the domestic sewage in rural areas.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 崇明岛 生物净化槽 强化生态浮床 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]