上海地区慢性荨麻疹患者变态反应原种类的临床检测分析  

Clinical analysis of allergen types in patients with chronic urticaria in Shanghai

作　　者：邬玉美[1] 兰凤鸣[1] 徐慧珍[1] 郑捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院皮肤科,上海200025

出　　处：《诊断学理论与实践》2009年第2期171-174,共4页Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice

摘　　要：目的:研究上海地区慢性荨麻疹发病中常见变态反应原种类及其在不同年龄、性别患者中分布特点,为其预防和治疗提供依据。方法:应用阿罗格变态反应原点刺液对上海地区800例慢性荨麻疹患者进行皮肤点刺试验,按年龄将800例被调查者分为≤17岁、18～39岁、40～59岁和≥60岁组,分析30种常见变态反应原的阳性率,并比较其在不同性别及年龄患者中的阳性率。结果:皮肤点刺试验的总阳性率为49.38%,其中以粉尘螨和屋尘螨的阳性率最高,分别为33.38%和37.88%。仅对1种变态反应原有阳性反应者为1.00%,同时对2种或2种以上变态反应原有阳性反应者分别占10.25%及38.13%;男女间阳性反应率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随着患者年龄增大,粉尘螨和屋尘螨的阳性反应率呈明显下降趋势(P<0.01)。结论:上海地区慢性荨麻疹患者的变态反应原以粉尘螨和屋尘螨为主;部分变态反应原分布具有年龄特异性,提示不同年龄的患者在日常生活中应尽量避免接触相应变态反应原,以降低慢性荨麻疹发病率及复发率。Objective To investigate the allergen types and their characters in chronic urticaria patients with different age and in Shanghai, for providing a reliable basis for prevention and treatment of the allergens. Methods Eight hundred patients with chronic urticaria were included in this study and allergopharma skin prick test （ASPT） was performed. Patients were divided into four groups according to age： ≤17 years old,18 to 39,40 to 59,ands〉60. The positive rates of 30 commonly seen allergens and their distribution among the patients were analyzed statistically. Results The overall positive rate of ASPT was 49.38%, and of them, dermatophagoides farinae （Der f） and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （Der P） was the highest with a positive rate of 33.38% and 37.88%, respectively. The incidences of one kind of allergen positive, 2 kinds of allergen positive and more than 2 kinds of allergen positive were 1.00%, 10.25% and 38.13%, respectively. No significant differences of positive rates were seen between male and female patients（P〉0.05）. The positive rates of dermatophagoides farinae （Der 0 and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （Der P） decreased stepwise with the increase of age （P〈0.01）. Conclusions In Shanghai, Der f and Der P are the most commonly seen allergens, and some of the allergens have characteristics of age distribution. In order to reduce the incidence and recurrence rate of chronic urticaria, it is important to remind the patients to avoid corresponding allergens in their daily lives.

关 键 词：慢性荨麻疹 变态反应原 皮肤点刺试验 上海 

分 类 号：R758.24[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]