桃儿七营养器官解剖结构的地理差异  

Comparison Anatomy of Vegetative Organ of Sinopodophyllum emodi in Different Populations

作　　者：滕丽[1] 王晓茹[1] 赵桂仿[1] 刘文哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第4期768-774,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：陕西省重大科技专项计划(2006ZK10-G3)

摘　　要：运用植物解剖学技术对云南、四川、甘肃和宁夏等6个居群桃儿七(Sinopodophyllum emodi)营养器官的结构进行了比较研究。结果显示,(1)桃儿七为多年生草本,根状茎发达,其次生结构包括周皮、皮层和维管组织三部分。(2)各居群间的差异主要表现在木栓层厚度、维管束个数和大小、导管分布格局以及淀粉粒的分布位置。其中:根初生结构由表皮、皮层和中柱构成,各居群间的差异主要表现在皮层厚度、初生木质部类型以及淀粉粒的分布位置;茎由表皮、皮层和维管柱构成,维管束均为外韧型维管束,仅具束中形成层,髓维管束与正常维管束之间形成腔隙,差异主要表现在基本组织厚度、维管束数量及大小。(4)桃儿七叶片构造类似于一般双子叶植物,由表皮、叶肉、叶脉三部分构成,下表皮气孔较多且孔下室发达,差异主要表现在叶片厚度等方面。研究表明,桃儿七营养器官的结构既表现出一定的耐旱性,又与阴生环境相适应,各居群的结构特点与其分布区生态环境密切相关。The structure of the vegetative organs of six Sichuan,Gansu and Ningxia were comparably studied Sinopodophyllum emodi populations from Yunnan, with anatomical methods. The results showed that Sinopodophyllum emodi was a perennial herbaceous plant with strong subterranean stems. Its secondary structure consisted of periderm,cortex and vascular tissue. The differences among various populations were shown in the thickness of cork layers, the number and size of vascular bundle and the distribution of vessels and starch grain. The primary structure of roots consisted of epidermis, cortex and central cylinder. The six different populations mainly varied in the thickness of cortex, the type of primary xylem and the distribu- tion of starch grain. The stem was formed by epidermis, cortex and vascular cylinder. The vascular bundle belonged to collateral-vascular bundle,only with fascicular cambium. There was a locule between pith vas- cular bundle and normal vascular bundle, varying mainly in the thickness of parenchyma, the number and size of vascular bundle. The leaf structure of Sinopodophyllum emodi, similar to the structure of a common dicotyledonous plant,consisted of epidermis,mesophyll and vascular tissues. The underneath epidermis had a lot of air pores and the room under the air pores in the lower epidermis is developed. The differences mainly lay in the leaves＇ thickness and so on. The structure of the vegetative organs of Sinopodophyllum emodi not only demonstrated its capacity of drought resistance,but also adapted to sciophyte conditions. The structure characteristics of different populations were closely concerned with their corresponding ecosystem circumstances.

关 键 词：桃儿七 营养器官 比较解剖 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]