1982～2003年中国东北地区不同类型植被NDVI与气候因子的关系研究  

Research on the Correlation between NDVI and Climatic Factors of Different Vegetations in the Northeast China

作　　者：罗玲[1,2] 王宗明[1] 宋开山[1] 张柏[1] 刘殿伟[1] 任春颖[1] 张素梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第4期800-808,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-341);国家自然科学基金项目(40871187);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20080128);中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所学科前沿领域项目(KZCX3-SW-NA-03)

摘　　要：利用1982～2003年GIMMSNDVI遥感数据集和气象数据，运用GIS技术提取气象站点周围的NDVI值，结合统计分析方法对东北地区不同类型植被NDVI与气候因子的关系进行研究。结果显示：（1）东北地区不同区域植被NDVI与气温和降水均极显著相关（P〈0．01），而且与气温的相关性普遍高于降水，说明气温对植被生长影响更明显。（2）不同类型植被受气温（或降水）影响差异不大，同一植被受气温影响强于降水。过去22年，不同植被NDVI受同期气温影响由高到低的顺序为：灌丛〉沼泽〉森林〉草地〉农田；降水对同期植被NDVI的影响按：灌丛〉森林〉草地〉农田〉沼泽的顺序依次降低。（3）过去22年中，东北地区不同植被夏季NDVI变化趋势不明显，针叶林、草丛和草原NDVI呈上升趋势，沼泽、灌丛、阔叶林、草甸和农田NDVI则表现为下降趋势，其中针叶林NDVI变化幅度最大（R^2=0．1142）。（4）夏季气温变化对同期各植被夏季生长状况影响不大，同期降水除灌丛和沼泽外则主要表现为促进作用。研究表明，气候变化和人为保护共同导致东北地区草地NDVI增加；降水是促进针叶林和农作物生长的决定性因素，但却是灌丛和沼泽夏季生长的抑制因子，人类活动是过去22年东北地区沼泽退化的主要原因。Based on the remote sensing data, GIMMS NDVI, and meteorological data during 1982 42003, after extracting NDVI value around meteorological stations with GIS technology, combined with statistical analysis methods,the relationship between NDVI and climatic factors of various vegetation types in Northeast China was studied in this paper. The results showed that, the correlation coefficients between NDVI and temperature,NDVI and precipitation were all significant （P〈0.01） in different regions of Northeast China. The correlation with temperature was generally higher than precipitation. This indicated that temperature was the main factor influencing vegetation growth. For different vegetations, temperature or precipitation played the similar role. Temperature was more important than precipitation for the same vegeta- tion. In the past 22 years, vegetation growth was effected by contemporaneous temperature as followed： scrubs〉marshes〉forests〉 grasslands） farmlands, by precipitation as followed ： scrubs〉 forests〉 grass lands〉farmlands〉marshes. The changes for NDVI of different vegetations were not obvious. NDVI of needleleaf forests, herbosas and steppes increased, and marshes, scrubs, broadleaf forests, meadow and farmlands decreased. Among them,NDVI of needleleaf forests changed most obviously （R^2 =0. 114 2）. In the past 22 years,the correlations between aestival NDVI and temperature for all vegetations, except for scrubs,were all negative. Similarly, except for scrubs and marshes, the correlation between aestival NDVI and precipitation were all positive. As a result of climate change and human protection,NDVI of grasslands have increased. Precipitation was the decisive factor contributed to needleleaf forests and crops growth, but the inhibitory factor for scrubs and marshes. Human activity was the major reason for marshes degradation during the past 22 years in Northeast China.

关 键 词：NDVI 气温 降水 气候变化 相关分析 中国东北 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]