风电场风资源测量与计算的精度控制  

Precision Control in Measurement and Calculation of Wind Energy Resource over Wind Power Facilities

作　　者：宋丽莉[1] 黄浩辉[1] 植石群[1] 钱光明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省气候中心,广州510080

出　　处：《气象》2009年第3期73-80,共8页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"登陆台风近地层风特性及致灾机理研究"(40775071);广东省科技厅科技攻关课题"广东省海上风电场选址标准及资源评估技术"(2005B32601010)共同资助

摘　　要：根据多个复杂地形风电场观测操作实践和大量观测数据的计算分析,提出了对观测数据和计算质量精度控制的主要措施,包括:复杂地形测风站布设的5个原则,仪器的合理选型和设置;对由于测风仪固有的系统误差和缺测数据的插补订正可能引起的计算误差进行了定量估算,通过对大量实测数据的对比计算显示:①目前普遍采用的进口风速计的相对偏差在1.6%～5.25%之间,由此可导致轮毂高度附近的年平均风功率密度误差在5%以上,最大达13.8%;②在季风气候区、复杂地形和风的年变率较大的地区,进行缺测数据插补订正时,应选取同季或同一主导风向的数据作为插补订正的基础数据,否则可能导致其平均风功率密度相对误差达20%～50%。Accuracy on measurements and computational results of wind energy resource is one of the key factors for successful investment in wind power projects. Meanwhile, the precision of measurements and calculation of the wind energy resource are primarily dependent on the terrain topography around the wind power facilities, distribution of the wind observing stations in the field, performance of observational instruments, and installation of these instruments. Based on field measurements and analyses of a number of wind power facilities, in particular over complex terrains, several major measures are proposed on the quality control of observation data and computational precision. They include 5 principles On distribution of wind measurement stations over complex terrain, reasonable selection and appropriate parameter setting of instruments.Furthermore, quantitative estimations proceeded on systematic errors inherent in the anemome- ters, and computational errors possibly arisen from interpolation of data series for data void points. The computational results based on large quantity of field measurements show that： （1） the relative deviations of the imported anemometers currently in common use are contained be- tween 1.6 % and 5.25 %, and therefore it may produce over 5 %, with maximum 13.8 %, of the power density error of annual mean wind near the top of wind mill. （2） In the zones with mon- soon climate, complex topography and significant annual variation of winds, the data observed in the same season or under the same dominant wind direction should be chosen as base data for inter- polation, correction of the data void points, and/or for extrapolation of the time reties of the data. Other- wise, the relative error of the power densitv of the mean winds may reach as large as 20%-50%.

关 键 词：风资源 测量计算 精度控制 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学] TU996.9[天文地球—固体地球物理学]