密西西比型(MVT)铅锌矿床研究进展  

Advances in the study of Mississippi Valley-type deposits

作　　者：张长青[1] 余金杰[1] 毛景文[1,2] 芮宗瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学,北京100083

出　　处：《矿床地质》2009年第2期195-210,共16页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：地质大调查项目(1212010634001);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(K2007-5-6);国家自然科学基金项目(40572060)的资助

摘　　要：密西西比型(MVT)铅锌矿床是全球重要的铅锌矿床类型之一,其铅锌资源量占全球铅锌资源量的20%左右。近几十年来,通过不断的探索,人们在矿床的地质特征、地球化学特征、成矿物质来源、成矿流体运移和沉淀机制、年代厘定以及矿床形成的地球动力学背景等方面取得了重要进展。文章在综合前人工作成果的基础上,就MVT矿床的分布规律、特征、地质背景、矿床地质特征、地球化学特征、成矿模型、控矿因素等方面进行了介绍,并分析了目前成矿模型研究中的各种流体运移机制、金属卸载机制之间的优缺点,探讨了成矿模型研究所面临的问题。同时,将中国典型的MVT矿床纳入到全球MVT矿床的背景之中,进行了相关的讨论。最后,总结对比了主要控矿因素和勘查阶段中物化探方法在找矿过程中的作用。As one of the most important type of Zn-Pb deposits, the Mississippi Valley-type （MVT） Zn-Pb deposits account for 20% Zn-Pb resources of the world. Such deposits are epigenetic stratabound sulfide Zn-Pb deposits hosted by carbonate rocks. During the past several decades, the authors have made very important progress in the study of MVT deposits, and the advances find expression in such aspects as their geological characteristics, geochemical features and material sources, the migration of ore-forming fluids, the mechanism of precipitation, the age dating, and the formation setting for these MVT deposits in the world. In this paper, the distribution, characteristics, geological setting, geological and geochemical features, isotope chronology, genetic model, and ore-control factors are dealt with in detail, some mechanisms for fluid migration and metal precipitation are comparatively studied, and the problems existent in the construction of the metallogenetic model are pointed out. Three kinds of metal precipitation have been discussed, but we find that one metal precipitation mechanism can only answer for the ore- forming process for one or a few classic deposits, and none of them can explain all MVT deposits in the world. In addition, the MVT deposits in China are discussed in an background of global MVT deposits. The common factors controlling the MVT deposits and the important ore-hunting indictors are also summed up in this paper.

关 键 词：地质学 后生 分布 控矿 找矿标志 进展 MVT 综述 

分 类 号：P618.42[天文地球—矿床学] P618.43[天文地球—地质学]