人工防雹的农业减灾效应  

Effect of hail suppression on agricultural disaster

作　　者：王柏忠[1] 王广河[1] 高宾永 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院中国气象局云雾物理重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]河南省洛阳市气象局,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2009年第2期27-32,共6页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：中国气象科学研究院院长基金资助

摘　　要：概述了国内外人工防雹作业技术的进展，包括作业的方法和工具。评述了我国冰雹的时空分布及其对农业生产的影响、人工防雹的作业规模及其减灾效果。基于近年来我国开展的人工防雹作业个例，进行了人工消雹农业减灾效应的统计分析，结果表明，我国人工防雹是减轻农业气象灾害，保障农业减损增收的重要技术措施，投入与产出比约为1：10～1：30。2002—2007年云南玉溪烤烟防区内比防区外受灾率平均减了17．52％。The technical progress of hail suppression including the seeding method and device in China and other countries was briefly given in this paper. The temporal and spatial distribution of hail in China, its harm to agriculture, the scope of hail suppression and the benefit of reducing hail disaster were also viewed. Based on the＇ case study of hail suppression operations on recent several years, the statistical analysis of the effect of hail suppression operation on preventing and reducing agriculture disaster was made. It is showed that hail suppression is one of the effective scientific measures of reducing the meteorological disaster and increasing agriculture havest, the input - output ratio is about 1：10 to 1：30. The tobacco plantation in Yuxi, Yunnan Province had carried out hail suppression operations during 2002 to 2007, the disaster area rate had been averagely reduced about 17.52% than that in non - operation region.

关 键 词：人工防雹 作业技术 减灾效益 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]