肾移植后的尿瘘分类及规范化诊断  

Classification and diagnosis of urinary fistulas following renal transplantation

作　　者：李黔生[1] 靳风烁[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所泌尿外科,重庆市400042

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2009年第18期3487-3490,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：肾移植后尿瘘是一种常见的严重并发症。它可以发生在泌尿系统任何部位,如肾盏、肾盂、输尿管和膀胱。绝大多数的肾移植后尿瘘发生在移植后3周内,少数可发生在1个月后,甚至半年左右。文章根据尿道损伤疾病分类的原理,将肾移植后尿瘘分别按照尿瘘病因、尿瘘部位、病变程度等进行分类;讨论了肾移植后尿瘘经久不愈的原因以及诊断时应注意的几个问题。得出:肾移植后尿瘘一旦发生,应对它的病因及尿瘘部位迅速做出判断,只有这样才能确保选择最佳治疗方案,达到最好的效果。对于肾移植后尿瘘的诊断,必须注明尿瘘的部位,并根据其病理变化程度,注明是单纯性,或是复杂性,使肾移植后尿瘘诊断更加准确及规范化。The urinary fistula is a common serious complication after renal transplantation. It can occur in any parts of the urinary tract, such as renal calices, renal pelvis, ureter and bladder. The majority of urine fistula occurred in 3 weeks after renal transplantation, may occurred in a few month later, or even half a year. According to the principles of classification of urethral damages, the urinary fistulae after kidney transplantation was classified in terms of the cause, location and extent of them. Moreover, why it was difficult to cure urinary fistulae was discussed, and the key points in the diagnosis were illuminated. The conclusion is that the only way to ensure the best treatment is determining the leaking location and selecting the optimal therapeutic schedule. Furthermore, the diagnosis of urinary fistula must include the leaking location and the classification of the simple one or complex one according to the location and extent of the fistula, which may make the diagnosis of urinary fistula after renal transplantation more accurate and standardized.

关 键 词：肾移植 尿瘘 分类 诊断 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学]