塔里木河下游绿洲荒漠过渡带群落多样性特征分析  

Characters of Community Diversity in the Oasis-desert Transition Zone in Lower Reaches of Tarim River

作　　者：郑田[1] 李卫红[2,3] 李建贵[1] 湾疆辉[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2009年第2期241-247,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871059);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC01A03);新疆自治区重大专项(200733144-4);中国科学院"西部之光"项目(RCPY200603)共同资助

摘　　要：结合塔里木河下游铁干里克绿洲荒漠过渡带29个植被样地的调查资料,对植物的群落结构和数量特征做了分析。结果表明：研究区群落结构较为简单,植物群落物种多样性水平较低,物种组成单一,天然植物20种,隶属12科18属。从多样性指数的数量特征来看,Simpson多样性指数的变化范围为0.517～0.830,Shannon-Wiener指数变化范围0.851～1.974;Menhinick丰富度指数的变化范围为0.977～3.784,Margalef丰富度指数的变化范围为1.517～8.496;JSW均匀度指数的变化范围为0.719～0.908,JSI指数变化范围为0.729～0.949;植被盖度的变化范围在0.035～1.001之间。Based on the data obtained from 29 plots of natural plant communities in the lower reaches of Tarim River, the paper analyzed the community structure and species diversity. The results showed that ① there are only 12 families, 18 genera and 20 species in ten sections of Tieganlike transition zone between oasis and desert. Among those 20 species, Tamarix hispida and Tamarix ramosissima are the main families. The dominant plant species are Arbors Tamari：c hispida, Shrubbery Lycium ruthenicum, H. caspica. and Herbage Phragmites communis, Glycyrrhiza itflata, Karelinia caspic etc. ②The paper used Simpson and Shannon-wiener indices, Menhinick and Margalef indices, and JSW and JSI indices to calculate the species diversity index. The ecosystem is deteriorating, with Simpson index changed from 0. 517 to 0. 830, Shannon-wiener from 0. 851 to 1.974; Menhinick index changed from 0. 977 to 3. 784, Margalef from1. 517 to 8. 496; JSW index changed from 0. 719 to 0. 908, JSI from 0. 729 to 0. 949. The amount of species changed from 13 to 8, and the vegetation coverage changed from 0. 035 to 1. 001. The results suggested that we should pay attention to the ecosystem of the lower Trim River and give a good protection to the standing plant.

关 键 词：植物群落 结构 多样性指数 铁干里克 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]