慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我效能的护理指导  

Effects of nursing intervention on self-efficacy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作　　者：马金凤[1] 赵秋利[1] 刘美芳[2] 艾华[3] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院护理学院,哈尔滨市150086 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院呼吸1科 [3]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院呼吸2科

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2009年第5期438-440,共3页Chinese Journal of Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨以自我效能理论框架为基础的健康教育对慢性阻塞肺性疾病(COPD)患者自我效能的干预效果。方法采用随机配对的方法,将60例COPD患者分为试验组和对照组,试验组30例,给予以自我效能理论框架为基础的健康教育。对照组30例,给予呼吸科常规健康教育。应用慢性阻塞性肺疾病自我效能量表分别于干预前,出院时及出院后3个月对两组进行测评。结果干预后试验组自我效能总体得分、呼吸困难管理和体力活动方面的自我效能得分高于对照组(P<0.05);安全行为方面的自我效能呈上升趋势(P<0.05),而环境与温度方面的自我效能呈下降趋势(P<0.05);出院后3个月时试验组情绪方面的自我效能与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论以自我效能理论框架为基础的健康教育能有效提高COPD患者的自我效能水平,其中呼吸困难管理、体力活动和安全行为方面的自我效能得到明显改善,但环境与温度、情绪方面自我效能改善的远期效果不理想。Objective To investigate effects of the health education based on self-efficacy theory on self-efficacy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods Totally 60 patients with COPD were enrolled into the study. In experimental group, 30 patients were giving the health education based on self-efficacy theory. In control group, 30 patients were treated with the conventional health education in the department of respiration. All patients were evaluated before the intervention,at discharge and three months after discharge with Chinese Self-Efficacy Scale. Results The total self-efficacy scores ,the scores in negative affect management and physical exertion in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group after the education（P〈0.05）. The self-efficacy in behavioral risk factors showed an increasing tendency（P〈0.05）, but that in weather or environment showed downtrend（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference between the status of intense emotional arousal in the two groups （P〉0.05 ）. Conclusions The health education based on self-efficacy theory could improve the self-efficacy level of patients with COPD more effectively. The self-efficacy in negative affect,physical exertion and behavioral risk factors had been markedly improved,but the long-term improvement of the self-efficacy in weather or environment and intense emotional arousal were not ideal.

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 自我效能 护理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]