抗菌矿物材料及其研究现状  

Antibacterial Mineral Materials and Its Research Status

作　　者：王冲[1] 汪灵[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学材料与化学化工学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《中国非金属矿工业导刊》2009年第2期11-16,共6页China Non-Metallic Minerals industry

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关计划重点项目课题(2004BA810B02);国家自然科学基金项目(40572030)

摘　　要：抗菌矿物材料是指以矿物为载体,采用一定的加工工艺制备而成的具有抗菌性能的功能矿物材料。目前,抗菌矿物材料研究主要集中在载体矿物、抗菌剂和制备工艺等三个方面。载体矿物多利用具有微孔道结构和离子交换性能的天然矿物,如沸石、蒙脱石、坡缕石、海泡石和磷灰石等。当前应用于市场的抗菌矿物材料载体主要是采用人工合成的4A沸石,进一步加强以天然矿物为载体的抗菌材料的研究是一个重要发展方向。抗菌剂可分为有机抗菌剂和无机抗菌剂两大类。无机抗菌剂中,金属离子Ag+、Cu2+、Zn2+等的应用最为成功。而光催化TiO2如能解决制备、负载复杂耗时的瓶颈,也将会有相当广阔的应用前景。有机抗菌剂方面,季铵盐有机改性粘土矿物的研究很多,而在做抗菌材料方面的研究还有待加强。抗菌矿物材料制备一般有离子交换法、共沉淀法、共凝聚法、粉体烧结法和水解沉淀法等方法。Antibacterial mineral materials is a kind of functional materials based on mineral and made through some processing technique, has antibacterial ability. At present, the research of antibacterial mineral materials is focused on carriers, antibacterial agents and processing technique. Carriers main take use of crude minerals such as zeolite, montmorillonite, palygorskite, sepiolite and apatite which has micropore structures and ion-change capability. However, most of the antibacterial mineral materials carriers on market are synthetic 4A zeolite. So, the study for crude mineral carriers of antibacterial mineral materials is important. Antibacterial agents can be divided into organic antibacterial agents and inorganic antibacterial agents. Now, the application of Ag^＋, Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋ has got a great success in inorganic antibacterial agents. If the bottleneck of time-consuming in making and loading can be settled, the photocatalytic TiO2 will also get spread application. For organic antibacterial, many researches for modified organo-clay mineral with quaternary ammonium salt have been done while for antibacterial material it needs improvement. Generally, there are several methods to make antibacterial mineral materials which are the co-precipitation, ion-change, heterocoagulation, powder sinter, hydrolysis-coprecipitation and so on.

关 键 词：抗菌矿物材料 抗菌剂 载体 制备工艺 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]