海洋石油污染修复研究进展  

Research advancements on the ways to restore marine oil contamination

作　　者：苏增建[1] 谷慧宇[1] 李敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2009年第2期56-65,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(30614);海南大学环境与植物保护学院重点学科建设经费支持项目

摘　　要：介绍了目前海洋石油污染的原因、转化形式和主要危害,并对目前海洋石油污染修复中待解决的问题进行了探讨。在对现有3类修复方法(物理、化学和生物修复方法)的应用成果和最新研究进展进行综合分析的基础上,指出3类修复方法各有优缺点,在实际应用中3种方法应该配合使用,才能实现较好的修复效果。This review intends to introduce the actual situation of the marine oil contamination, including the description of its cause and ways of spread and transfer, in addition to its damage to marine bioorganisms and other consequences. The paper has also made a detailed commentary on the major restoration methods and the latest research progress in this way. Generally speaking, the major restoration methods are of three categories： that is, physical rehabilitation methods, chemical restoration methods and bioremediation methods. As is known, physical rehabilitation methods may include enclosure method, skimmer method, oilabsorbent method and burning method. The so-called chemical restoration methods usually comprise dispersant method, fuel thickener method, oil collection agent method and cross-linking agent method. As to the bioremediation methods, they may contain surfactants method, electronic acceptor method, petroleum-degrading strains method, nutrition method and natural restoration method. Overall analysis of the application and the latest research of the three categories of restoration methods, it can b said that the physical rehabilitation methods and chemical restoration methods cannot get total rid of the marine contamination. What is more, the chemical restoration methods are likely to cause the seeondary contamination. Though the bioremediation methods are considered to be most promising for their efficiency, economy in cost, safe and free from secondary contamination, in fact, their application also involves some shortcomings, such as the petroleum-degrading strains brought up easily by the environment, the degraded low efficiency due to some unknown degradation mechanism. Therefore, in order to achieve a better restoration effect, more consistent efforts are still needed to improve the bioremediation methods to overcome such shortcomings On the other hafid, it would be more idealistic to integrate physical rehabilitation methods and bioremediation methods into a synthetic method so as to develop a co

关 键 词：环境科学 海洋石油污染 物理修复法 化学修复法 生物修复法 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]