紫外线B辐射增强对大豆生长及光合作用相关指标的影响  

Effects of Enhanced UV-B Radiation on Growth and Photosynthesis in Soybean(Glycine max Merr.)

作　　者：张文会[1] 张朋[1] 刘立科[1] 吕艳伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学生命科学学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《大豆科学》2009年第2期229-232,238,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771156);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(2005ZX10);教育部留学回国科研启动资金资助项目(2005)

摘　　要：明确UV-B辐射增强对植物生长发育,生物量以及光合作用相关指标的影响,有助于阐明UV-B辐射对植物影响的生理机制。在人工气候室内采用平方波模型,在大豆植株上方悬挂紫外灯,照射强度为15μW.cm-2,每天照射8h。研究在此剂量下大豆植株在干物质积累、色素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、PSⅡ反应中心最大光能转换效率以及光合速率的变化。结果表明:UV-B辐射增强对大豆生长具抑制作用。与对照相比,播种后20d、40d和60d的UV-B处理的大豆植株株高分别降低4.9%、13.8%和10.6%;鲜重及干重分别减少17.8%、10.7%、25.5%及22.3%、20.9%、25.6%;叶绿素含量分别降低3.2%、13.2%和29.4%;PSⅡ反应中心最大光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)分别降低3.4%、1.3%和3.2%;叶片可溶性蛋白质含量分别降低25.3%、45.2%和19.5%;叶面积分别减小15.2%、20.4%、和41.6%;光合速率分别降低10%、25%和16%。作为一种保护性适应,UV-B处理增加了花青素及类胡萝卜素的含量。UV-B辐射对生长和生物量的抑制作用可能主要是由于光合速率下降及有效光合面积减少所致。The decrease in stratospheric ozone will lead to an increase in the biologically effective ultraviolet- B radiation （ UV-B ） , which alter and affect crops growth, development and physiological processes. In our study, enhanced UV-B treatments were applied using a square-wave system to expose the soybean（ Glycine max Merr. ）seedlings to 15 μW ·cm2 level, with 8 hours each clay in artificial climate rooms. Biomass accumulations, chlorophyll content, concentrations of soluble protein, photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ） electron transport capacity（Fv/Fm） and net CO2 assimilation rate were studied under this treatment. The results showed that enhanced UV-B radiation inhibited the growth and development in plant height, biomass accumulations, chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency, concentrations of soluble protein as well as net CO2 assimitation rate. There were three levels of seedlings （20 days, 40 days and 60 days after semination ）were examined. Compared to the control plants,the plant height of each seedling level decreased 4.9% , 13.8% and 10. 6% , respectively;the fresh weight and dry weight were also reduced in parallel 17.8% ,10.7% ,25.5% and 22.3% ,20.9% ,25.6%. The chlo- rophyll content, Fv/Fm, soluble protein content, leaf area and net CO2 assimilation rate of each seedling level were all reduced by enhanced UV-B radiation,the extent were 3.2% , 13.2% and 29.4% ;3.4% ,3% and 3.2% ;25： 3% ,45.2% and 19.5% ; 15.2% ,20.4% and 41.6% ; 10% ,25% and 16% ,respectively. On the other hand,enhanced UV- B radiation induced an increase in the concentrations of anthocyanin and earotenoids as a protective response. In eonclusion,ihe inhibitions of enhanced UV-B on growth and biomass accumulations were probably induced by the decrease in chlorophyll and soluble protein content as well as inhibitions of PSⅡ functions and reductions of net CO2 assimilation rate.

关 键 词：UV-B 大豆 光合作用 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]