紧凑型MV级强流加速器输出开关  

Compact output switch for megavolt e-beam accelerator

作　　者：杨汉武[1] 张建德[1] 王勇[1] 杨建华[1] 樊玉伟[1] 赵延宋[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学光电科学与工程学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2009年第4期609-612,共4页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家高技术发展计划项目

摘　　要：介绍了一种水介质脉冲形成线强流电子束加速器的输出开关的设计和实验结果。水介质脉冲形成线为单同轴螺旋结构，阻抗约9Ω，充电电压为1．2MV，匹配负载输出电压600kV，脉冲宽度100ns，形成线长度1．1m，最大外径35cm。输出开关采用简单的自击穿火花开关形式，主要采用了以下设计原则：（1）电极间隙的场增强因子小于1．4，使SF。的击穿电压一压强曲线尽可能线性；（2）电极间平均场强300kV／cm，大于材料沿面界面场强的3倍以上，避免发生沿面闪络；（3）控制各结合点的场强，使其小于30kV／cm；（4）减少开关室的体积，以保证最大的机械强度。该开关结构紧凑，总长度为12cm，电感小于100nH、击穿电压和气压的线性关系好，可在0．3～1．2MV的较宽范围内调节。实验中开关运行稳定可靠，达到了设计要求。A compact output switch for a water pulse forming line（PFL） e-beam accelerator was designed. The accelerator is of the helical coaxial PFL type, having impedance of 9 Ω, and charging voltage 1.2 MV, and outputs 600 kV, 100 ns on matched load. The length of PFL is 1. 1 m, and diameter less than 35 cm. The output switch is of the simple self-breaking gas type, designed following these principles： （1） it＇s field enhancement factor is 1.4, which makes it possible to have a near linear curve for SF6 ＇s voltage-pressure curve; （2） field within the gap is 300 kV/cm, 3 times stronger than that along the insulator, which prevents surface flashover; （3） field at triple points is controlled within 30 kV/cm; （4） the volume of switch is minimized to enhance its mechanical strength. The lengh of switch is 12 cm, the inductance is less than 100 nil, and the operation voltage varies liearly with the gas pressure, from 0. 35 MV upto 1.2 MV. Operation experiments have verified that the switch works reliably and meets the design criteria.

关 键 词：多间隙火花开关 自击穿开关 强流电子束加速器 输出开关 脉冲形成线 

分 类 号：TN782[电子电信—电路与系统]