不同肥料对后茬土壤微生物及玉米生长的影响  

Effect of Post-harvest Soil After Applying Different Fertilizer on Soil Microorganism and Maize Growth

作　　者：韦翔华[1,2] 李华兴[2] 冯宏[2] 张志红[2] 蔡燕飞[2] 陈昀云[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第2期138-142,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30400274);广东省攻关项目(2006B20301050;2003A038);广东省农业厅科技项目粤农土肥(2004)28号;广西大学科研基金项目(X071056)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了不同肥料对后茬土壤微生物学特性及玉米(Zea maysL)生长的影响。研究结果表明,生物复混肥处理的玉米生物产量分别比对照、有机肥和生物有机肥的增加51.91%,7.96%和5.21%;生物复混肥的玉米苞重比对照增加97.61%,比有机肥的增加16.24%。生物有机肥及生物复混肥处理,比对照显著增加土壤细菌、芽孢细菌数量及微生物总数量,微生物量碳、微生物量氮,土壤脲酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性,有降低真菌数量的趋势;比有机肥显著增加土壤微生物量氮和酸性磷酸酶的活性。玉米生物产量及苞重与土壤细菌、芽孢细菌、放线菌数量及微生物总数量,微生物量碳、微生物量氮,脲酶活性、酸性磷酸酶活性正相关,与真菌数量负相关,与玉米生长中期的土壤诱导呼吸强度呈负相关,而与玉米生长后期的土壤诱导呼吸强度、碱性磷酸酶活性呈正相关。The purpose in the paper was to conduct an investigation in effect of post-harvest sort after applying different fertilizer on soil microbiological characteristic and maize growth by using pot experiment. The result showed that maize biomass yield in the post-harvest soil after applying compound bio-fertilizer were increased by 51.91%, 7.96 % and 5.21% respectively compared with control, organic fertilizer and organic bio-fertilizer treatment. The maize cob weight in the compound bio-fertilizer treatment were increased 97. 61% and 16.24% respectively compared with control and organic fertilizer. Compared with control, it was significant to increase population of bacteria and bacillus bacteria and total microorganism （bacteria and actinomycetes and fungi）, to increase microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and there was a trend to decrease population of fungi in the post-harvest soil after applying bio-fertilizer. Compared with organic fertilizer, it was also significant to increase microbial biomass nitrogen and activity of acid phosphates in the bio-fertilizer treatment soil. The maize biomass yield or corn cob weight were closely positive correlative with the population of bacteria and bacillus bacteria and actinomycetes and total microorganism, the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, the activities of urease and acid phosphatase, were negative correlative with the population of fungi. They were negative correlative with soil substrate induced respiration in medium term of maize growth, but positive correlative with the induced respiration and the activity of alkali phosphatase in late term of maize growth.

关 键 词：生物复混肥 后茬土壤 微生物 玉米 脲酶 磷酸酶 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]