施磷对不同质地土壤Olsen-P和CaCl2-P动态变化的影响  

Effects of phosphorous fertilization on the dynamic changes of Olsen-P and CaCl_2-P in different texture soils

作　　者：温林钦[1,2] 赵牧秋[1,3] 牛明芬[2] 陈欣[1] 鲁彩艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第5期872-878,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670378);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCXZ-YW-N-037);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2008BADA7B08)

摘　　要：通过对河北栾城农业生态站潮土和吉林白城淡黑钙土2种质地不同的土壤施用不同剂量磷肥,在25℃恒温条件下好气培养,培养期的第1、3、10、30和60天采集土样,测定土壤Olsen-P和CaCl2-P含量的动态变化,研究了磷肥施入土壤引起农业磷面源污染的可能性。利用Heckrath分段回归模型,分别对培养60d后2种土壤Olsen-P、CaCl2-P含量进行拟合,得到土壤环境敏感磷临界点对应的土壤Olsen-P含量,以此证明土壤固磷能力。结果表明:当施磷量超过400kg·m-2时,2种土壤Olsen-P和CaCl2-P含量均显著增加,并且2种土壤在相同条件下培养后,同一处理的各组分有效磷的变化规律并不相同,说明当施磷量超过400kg·hm-2,2种土壤磷流失的可能性均增加,并且不同类型土壤,磷流失能力也不同;培养60d后拟合得到的栾城和白城土壤环境敏感磷临界点对应的土壤Olsen-P含量分别为88.9和142.5mg·kg-1,表明白城土壤固磷能力明显高于栾城土壤。Aquic brown soil samples from the Agro-Ecological Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Luancheng of Hebei Province and light chernozem samples from Baieheng of Jilin Province were applied with different doses of phosphorous fertilizer, and aerobically incubated at 25 ℃ for 1, 3, 10, 30, and 60 days. The dynamic changes of Olsen-P and CaCl2-P in the soil samples during incubation were studied, phosphorus non-point source pollution from these aimed to approach the possibility of agricultural soils caused by phosphorous fertilization. In the meantime, Heckrath segmented regression model was used for fitting the Olsen-P and CaCl2-P contents in the two soils after incubated for 60 days to obtain the Olsen-P content corresponding to the environmental sensitive point of soil phosphorus, which would be regarded as the proof of soil phosphorus-fixation capacity. The results indicated that when the phosphorous fertilization rate exceeded 400 kg · hm^-2, the Olsen-P and CaCl2-P contents in the two soils increased significantly, and under the same incubation conditions, the quantitative changes of Olsen-P and CaCl2-P in the same phosphorous fertilization treatments were different, illustrating that a Dhosohorous fer tilization rate of 〉 400 kg · hm^-2 increased the possibility of phosphorus loss from the soils, and the phosphorus loss capacity was different between the two soils. After incubated for 60 days, the Olsen-P content corresponding to the environmental sensitive point of soil phosphorus in Luancheng and Baicheng was 88.9 and 142. 5 mg · kg^-1, respectively, suggesting that the soil from Baicheng had an obviously higher phosphorus fixation capability than that from Luancheng.

关 键 词：施磷 OLSEN-P CaCl2-P 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]