海洋微生物复合制剂对桉树人工林土壤质量的影响  

Roles of composite marine microbial preparation in improving soil quality of Eucalyptus plantation.

作　　者：胡治刚[1,2] 胡江春[1] 刘丽[1] 汪思龙[1] 苏振飞 王书锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]广西国营高峰林场银岭分场,南宁530007

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第5期915-920,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2007AA09Z417);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX2-YW-405)

摘　　要：土壤质量维持和改良是农林业生产面临的重要问题。利用海洋枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)3728、3512、海洋木霉(Trichoderma sp.)TF4和少量白三叶草(Trrifolium repens)制成海洋微生物复合制剂,对当年生桉树人工林进行了生物调控试验。结果表明:海洋微生物复合制剂对土壤微生物数量和群落结构具有调节作用;曲霉、木霉、毛霉等与纤维素分解相关的真菌数量增加,镰刀菌数量减少;细菌数量比对照增加1.0倍,其中枯草芽孢杆菌增加2.02倍,蜡样芽孢杆菌增加1.18倍;放线菌数量增加0.3倍;土壤有机质含量、铵态氮含量和速效磷含量增加,土壤中蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、脲酶的活性显著提高;施用180d后测定桉树树高和胸径变化,树高净增加量比对照高12.6%,表明海洋微生物复合制剂作为生物调控剂对桉树生长具有一定促进作用。To maintain and improve soil quality is a crucial issue in agriculture and forestry. In this paper, a composite preparation of marine Bacillus subtilis 3728, marine B. subtilis 3512, marine Trichoderma TF4, and white clover （ Trrifolium repens） was developed, and applied to the soil in a one-year-old Eucalyptus plantation to examine its improvement effects on soil quality. The results showed that this preparation played a regulation role on the soil microbial populations and communities. The individuals of Aspergillius, Trichoderma, Mucor, and other cellulose-decomposing fungi in the soil increased, while those of Fusarium decreased, compared with the control. In the meanwhile, the total number of soil bacteria increased 1.0 fold, among which, Bacillus subtilis and B. cereus increased 2.02 and 1.18 folds, respectively, and the total number of soil actinomyces increased 0.3 folds. This preparation increased the contents of soil organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, and available phosphorous, and stimulated the activities of soil sucrase, protease, and urease significantly. After applied the preparation into soil for 180 days, the average tree height of Eucalyptus was 12.6% greater than that of the control, suggesting the promotion effects of the preparation on Eucalyptu growth.

关 键 词：海洋微生物 桉树人工林 微生物调控 土壤微生物 土壤质量 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]