戒烟与复吸影响因素及戒烟者健康状况分析  

Reasons of Quitting and Relapsing Smoking and Analysis of Quitter's Health Status

作　　者：钱军程[1] 饶克勤[1] 高军[1] Julia Critchley 汤胜蓝 蔡敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部统计信息中心,100044 [2]Institute of Health and Society, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK [3]WHO China Office

出　　处：《中国卫生统计》2009年第2期150-153,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Statistics

基　　金：加拿大IDRC基金(Grant number:103434-002)

摘　　要：目的揭示戒烟水平、戒烟与复吸原因、成功戒烟的影响因素及与其健康状况的关系,为在中国提出更有针对性的控烟对策提供参考。方法利用两次具有全国代表性的中国国家卫生服务调查数据,采用分组分析、logistic回归分析、年龄标准化等方法分析戒烟相关指标和影响因素。结果2003年只有6.1%的戒烟率,7.9%的正在吸烟者有戒烟意愿,老年吸烟者、城市地区、高收入者、患有慢性病者或自感健康较差者比较容易戒烟成功,而户中有多名吸烟者、经常饮酒者不易戒烟成功;戒烟者本身健康状况已较差;54%的复吸者报告是因为"控制不住烟瘾",约29%的人是因为社交或社会环境影响而复吸。结论中国吸烟者的戒烟水平和意愿均较低、因病而戒烟表明戒烟太晚太被动;除现有控烟政策外,更有针对性的控烟活动如对年轻吸烟者、农村地区吸烟者、多吸烟者住户和促进未病先戒等活动也是迫切需要的。Objective To expose reasons of quitting smoking and relapsing, factors associated with successful quitting and relation with quitter＇s health status, reference for more effective policies of tobacco control activity in China. Methods To use large sample data of China National Health Services Survey in 1998 and 2003, indicators and factors related to quitting smoking were analyzed by methods of description, logistic regression and age standardized. Results In 2003 only 6. 1% of eversmokers reported quitting,and few （7.9%） current smokers intended quitring. Older smokers, urban location, higher income levels, chronic disease or poor health status are associated with quitting. Cessation is very unlikely if other household members smoke. Most smokers who quit smoking report doing so because of illness （36.0%） ,for preventing diseases （28. 1% ）. About 54% relapsing smoker because of ＂can＇ t control the addiction＂, 29% for social reasons. Conelusion Smoking cessation is extremely low in China, except at older ages, and among quitters already suffering illhealth,too late to quit. Smoking control strategies aimed at youth smokers, smoking families,and those in rural areas are urgently required.

关 键 词：戒烟 吸烟 健康状况 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]