北五味子小孢子发生及雄配子体发育的研究  

Research on the Microsporogenesis and Male Gametophyte Development of Schisandra chinensis

作　　者：夏媛[1] 张晓薇[1] 李凤兰[2] 胡宝忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学生命科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第13期5867-5869,5874,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]研究北五味子的生殖发育过程。[方法]以北五味子为研究对象，运用石蜡切片技术对其小孢子发生及雄配子体形成过程进行研究。[结果]北五味子有雄蕊5～6枚，花药横切面呈蝶形，具有4个小孢子囊。在同一朵花的不同花药内或同一花药的4个不同的花粉囊内和同一花粉囊内，小孢子母细胞的减数分裂基本同步。成熟花粉的生殖细胞与营养核靠在一起，形成雄性生殖单位。北五味子小孢子母细胞在减数分裂后的胞质分裂为同时型；小孢子四分体多排列成四面体形，成熟花粉粒为2．细胞型花粉粒；花药壁的发育方式为双子叶型，由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层组成，绒毡层为腺质绒毡层。[结论]该研究为北五味子的栽培和育种提供了新资料。[ Objective] The purpose was to researeh the reproduction and development process of Schisandra chinensis. [ Method] With S. chinensis as research object, its microsporogenesis and male gametophyte formation were researched by paraffm section technology. [Result] S. chinensis had 5 -6 stamens, the transverse section of its anther was showed to be butterfly-like and its anther had 4 microsporangia. In different anthers of the same flower, 4 different pollen sacs of the same anther and the same pollen sac, the mioses of mierospore mother cells were basically synchronous. The reproductive cell and vegetative nucleus were inclined by each other to form male germ unit in mature pollen. The eytokineses after mioses of S. chinensis microspore mother cells were simultaneous. Most mierospore tetrads were arranged to be tetrahedral and the mature pollen granules were 2-cell type. The development pattern of anther wall was double cotyledons type. The anther wall was consisted of epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum and the tapetum was glandular tapetum. [ Conclusion] The research provided new data for cultivating and breeding S. chinensis

关 键 词：北五味子 小孢子发生 雄配子发育 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]