黔西南滥木厂铊矿化区铊污染的微生物效应  

Microbial Effects Induced by Thallium Accumulation in the Lanmuchang Tl Mineralised Area,Southwest Guizhou Province

作　　者：孙嘉龙[1,2,3] 肖唐付[1] 邹晓[4] 宁增平[1,2] 何立斌[1,2] 杨菲[1,2] 贾彦龙[1,2] 无 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵阳550002 [4]贵州大学真菌资源研究所,贵阳550002 [5]重庆地质矿产研究院,重庆400042

出　　处：《地球与环境》2009年第1期62-66,共5页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC09B04);国家自然科学基金项目(40773072)

摘　　要：通过现场采样及室内培养分析,研究了黔西南滥木厂铊矿化区沉积物和土壤中的微生物区系组成及生物量与重金属的相关性。结果表明:与背景区相比,矿区内的河流沉积物、土壤中的微生物区系组成及其生物量了明显变化,沉积物中细菌、真菌、放线菌分别减少了89%,86%和99%,在土壤样品中则分别减少了78%,66%和88%,且三大微生物敏感性大小分别表现为放线菌>细菌>真菌。样品中的微生物生物量与重金属的含量呈明显的负相关关系,特别是与铊的的相关系数均低于-0.5,反映出铊对微生物的毒害作用。Microbial populations and major microorganism groups were assayed in sediments and soils polluted by tailings from a Hg-T1 mine at Lanmuchang, Guizhou Province. The results showed that the microbial populations and major microorganism groups had changed significantly in samples polluted by T1. Compared with the background samples, the number of microbial populations （bacteria, fungi and actinomyeetes） decreased accordingly with increasing contamination of heavy metals, by 89 ~, 86~, 99~ in the river sediments and by 78~ ,66~, 88~ in soils, respectively. Moreover, the sensitivity of the three major microorganims to heavy metal pollution follows the order of actinomycetes〉bacteria〉fungi. A negative correlation can be observed between heavy metal contents and soil microbial biomass level, especially for T1, with the correlation coefficient being less than -0.5 in the sediment and soil, reflecting the toxicity of heavy metal to soil microorganisms.

关 键 词：滥木厂 铊 微生物效应 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q93[生物学—微生物学]